This document presents the principle of ultrasonic distance measurement is described, the main error sources of ultrasonic distance measurement are analyzed also. A method of improving precision of ultrasonic distance measurement in air, in which the transmission speed of ultrasonic wave if corrected by measured air temperature and the forward edge of receive wave can be determined accurately b...

A novel plasma-driven catalysis (PDC) reactor with special structure was proposed to remove vehicle exhaust gas. The PDC reactor which consisted of three quartz tubes and two copper electrodes was a coaxial dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor. The inner and outer electrodes firmly surrounded the outer surface of the corresponding dielectric barrier layer in a spiral way, respectively. Na...

A mesophilic unsaturated flow (trickle bed) reactor was designed and tested for H2 production via fermentation of glucose. The reactor consisted of a column packed with glass beads and inoculated with a pure culture (Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824). A defined medium containing glucose was fed at a flow rate of 1.6 mL/min (0.096 L/h) into the capped reactor, producing a hydraulic retention ...

Aiming at the problem that echo signal is hard to recognize caused by ultrasonic energy’s overquick dispersion and attenuation, a kind of ultrasonic horn is designed. According to the acoustic theory analysis, the ultrasonic horn can increase its radiation energy by improving impedance matching. The ultrasonic horn can make the directivity of sound source sharper and energy more centralized bec...

Increasing the distance from which an antineutrino detector is capable of monitoring the operation of a registered reactor, or discovering a clandestine reactor, strengthens the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons Treaty. This report presents calculations of the reactor antineutrino interactions, from both quasi-elastic neutrino-proton scattering and elastic neutrino-electron scattering, in a ...

This article describes the use of biofilm reactors for the production of various chemicals by fermentation and wastewater treatment. Biofilm formation is a natural process where microbial cells attach to the support (adsorbent) or form flocs/aggregates (also called granules) without use of chemicals and form thick layers of cells known as "biofilms." As a result of biofilm formation, cell densi...

it has been proved that ultrasonic energy can considerably increase the amount of oil recovery in animmiscible displacement process. although many studies have been performed on investigating theroles of ultrasonic waves, based on the best of our knowledge, little attention has been paid to evaluatewave attenuation parameter, which is an important parameter in the determination of the energydel...

continuous exposure to high-energy ultrasonic waves depolymerises macromolecules in solutions and produces a permanent reduction in viscosity. different factors affect the efficiency of this ultrasonic depolymerisation. in this work ultrasonic degradation of one commercially important hydrogel based on acrylic acid and acrylamide was carried out in aqueous solution at room temperature (25oc). a...

This study presents a compressed sensing (CS) based sampling approach for repetitive ultrasonic signal. Proposed system considers recovering ultrasonic signal with high equivalent sampling frequency from samples captured using analog-to-digital converter (ADC) clocked at a rate lower than Nyquist rate. A basis function is constructed to realize ultrasonic signal sparse representation, which pav...

Abstract Nuclear pipes require regular inspection to prevent critical damage and extend their safe working lifetime. Ultrasonic using phased array transducers is a Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) method used monitor the condition of pipes, providing internal integrity information multiple small transducer elements. This grants controllable ultrasonic beam that provides more detail than convention...