the development of optimization and mathematical models for closed loop supply chain (clsc) design has attracted considerable interest over the past decades. however, the uncertainties that are inherent in the network design and the complex interactions among various uncertain parameters are challenging the capabilities of the developed tools. the aim of this paper, therefore, is to propose a n...

in order to evaluate of morphological, physiological and biochemical traits, related to drought tolerance, an experiment was carried out in field condition. in this study two commercial cultivars (mcc361, mcc358), three kabuli and three deci type of tolerant genotypes (mcc392, mcc537, mcc696, mcc873, mcc870, mcc10,) and three kabuli and three deci type of susceptible genotypes (mcc759, mcc588, ...

Leaf senescence constitutes the last stage of leaf development in plants and proceeds through a highly regulated program in order to redistribution of microand macro-nutrients from the senescing leaves to the developing/growing plant organs. Initiation and progression of leaf senescence is accompanied by massive sequential alterations at various levels of leaf biology including leaf morphology ...

Herbicides may damage soybean in conventional production systems. Chlorophyll fluorescence imaging technology has been applied to identify herbicide stress in weed species a few days after application. In this study, greenhouse experiments followed by field experiments at five sites were conducted to investigate if the chlorophyll fluorescence imaging is capable of identifying herbicide stress ...

The effect of grafting and post-grafting temperature on the plant development of two watermelon cultivars at transplantation and on subsequent fruit quality was studied. Watermelon cv. Sugar Baby and Crimson Sweet were self-rooted or grafted onto rootstock RS 841 F1 (Cucurbita maxima × C. moschata) or bottlegourd [Lagenaria siceraria f. clavata] (year 1), plus L. siceraria f. pyrotheca (ye...

To compare the performance of Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) and native Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom) on cucumber and tomato leaves in laboratory, life history characters were investigated, and life tables were constructed using the method of age-stage, two-sex table life. Compared with tomato leaf, there were shorter total preoviposition period (TPOP), higher fecundity, longer female l...

The rice resistance gene Xa21 confers resistance against the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). The molecular genetic mechanism controlling the integration of the Xa21-mediated disease resistance response with the developmental program in rice is under study in this model system. Reproducible means of infecting plants at certain developmental stages were designed based on t...

Motivated by the current research in data centers and cloud computing, we study the problem of scheduling a set of two-stage jobs on multiple two-stage flowshops. A new formulation for configurations of such scheduling is proposed, which leads directly to improvements to the complexity of scheduling algorithms for the problem. Motivated by the observation that the costs of the two stages can be...