It is commonly established that warm blooded animals are extremely vulnerable to the infectious coccidian parasite, Toxoplasma gondii. T. gondii can be transmitted poultry and livestock through ingestion of oocyst (fecal-oral), placenta (congenital toxoplasmosis) in livestock. Cattle, sheep, rabbits some most consumed Palestine. As for poultry, backyard chicken, caged turkeys birds. The aim pre...

Lactobacilli have been reported as being a predominant bacterial type in the intestinal tract of various warm-blooded animals. For instance, Crecelius and Rettger (1943) found that lactobacilli are the most prevalent bacteria in the intestinal tract of guinea pigs. Shapiro and Sarles (1949) reported that lactobacilli are the most numerous bacteria in most areas of the intestinal tract of chicke...

People living in Mesoamerica and what is now the eastern southwestern United States used turkeys ( Meleagris gallopavo ) as sources of meat, eggs, bones, feathers. Turkey husbandry domestication are confirmed two these regions (Mesoamerica American Southwest), but human-turkey interactions Eastern North (eastern Canada) not fully explored. We apply stable isotope (δ 13 C, δ 15 N) ancient mitoch...

objective:to show occurrence of cryptosporidiosis in native turkeys of lran by means of histopathological and parasitological methods. design:descriptive study.animals:fifty native turkey poults suffered from growth retardation,long standing diarrhea or both were obtained from native turkey raising areas of iran (northern and western provinces) procedure:the clinical signs and symptoms of poult...

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is economically important pathogen of poultry causes airsacculitis and frequently infraorbital sinusitis in turkeys. Infections may remain without clinical signs, but they can make birds susceptible to secondary infections.This study was carried out for molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of MG infections in commercial and backyard turkey flocks ...

All birds studied thus far are able to store spermatozoa within their oviducts for periods that can vary from several days to weeks, depending upon the species. Turkeys have a relatively long storage period compared with chickens, an observation that leads to the suggestion that sperm residing within the oviduct may interact with sperm entering the oviduct from later inseminations. Multiple sou...