Ali Anooshahr’s Turkestan and the Rise of Eurasian Empires: A Study Pol- itics Invented Traditions explores how late medieval early modern Persianate historians dealt with Turco-Mongol lineages founders Ottoman, Safavid, Mughal, Mongol, Shibanid empires. As Anooshahr claims, legacy heritage was mostly linked negative associa- tions “barbarity,” “plundering,” “violence,” “paganism,” in discursiv...

The world-famous Hungarian–British archaeologist Aurel Stein was just visiting the Tarim basin on his second major expedition to Inner Asian section of Silk Road in 1907, when he became a witness rare astronomical phenomenon, total solar eclipse. He also captured impressions work entitled Ruins Desert Cathay, published Hungarian. At same moment, Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky, pioneer colo...

The current article applies theoretical framework of degenderisation and aims to explore what degree women are degenderised by state policies in the labour market unpaid work Kazakhstan. study applied qualitative research method semi-structured focus group discussion among 30 from Almaty Turkestan. findings demonstrate that women’s paid at home do not prove degenderisation, but rather confirm g...

The earliest trace of cannabis use is an archaeological find of hemp textile in China dating from 4000 B.C. (Li & Lin 1974). Hemp thread and rope from 3000 B.C. have also been found in Chinese-occupied Turkestan (Fisher 1975). The Rh-Ya (500 B.C., but pointing back many centuries earlier) mentions its use for fiber (Bouquet 1950), as do the Shih-Ching (lOth-7th centuries B.C.), the Li-Chi (100 ...

Kazakh traditional music has been the research object for many scientists from Russia, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Japan, United States, and other countries. In 20th century, due to establishment of Soviet power, territory Kazakhstan was closed by foreigners. Simultaneously, such a combination events contributed preserving materials collected before October Socialist Revolution. Therefore,...