Physical disturbances leading to clearances of kelp canopies were investigated for their effects on understorey species. First, frequencies and types of natural dsturbances in a kelp forest were quanhf~ed from data on s t o m activity and undenvater surveys. Storms removed parts of kelp plants, whole plants and groups of plants. The latter led to cleanngs and Increased the quanhty of light reac...

Alternative stable states have long been thought to exist in natural communities, but direct evidence for their presence and for the environmental switches that cause them has been scarce. Using a combination of greenhouse and field experiments, we investigated the environmental drivers associated with two distinctive herbaceous communities in coastal ecosystems in New Zealand. In a mosaic unre...

. Abstract: The benthic communities of fringing and mushroom-shaped shalIow-water reefs of the Abrolhos region (southern coast of Bahia) were surveyed. Line transects were used to estimate coral and alga1 percentage cover. Mussismilia braziliensis is the most conspicuous coral species in the majority of the communities surveyed, but turf algae make up the dominant cover in alI but one studied r...

The potential generality of local processes in determining spatial patterns of molluscan assemblages in turfs of Corallina officinalis is evaluated by testing hypotheses about consistency in ecological pattern on shores in Australia, Ireland and Chile. Identical sampling protocols on 2 shores in each country were used to test 2 specific hypotheses: (1) that molluscan assemblages vary significan...

abstract low water holding capacity of soilless substrates increases water stress and waste of nutrient solution. irrigation time management can reduce such problems. in this research, responses of hydroponically cultured greenhouse strawberries were evaluated under different irrigation schedules. in first step, plant daily water need was estimated and then delivered to plants through two metho...

This study aimed to compare the recovery kinetics of physical performance and subjective ratings in response to a soccer-specific exercise simulation on natural grass and artificial turf. Physical performance tests and subjective ratings were assessed on 13 professional soccer players before, immediately after, 24 h and 48 h after the test. Physical performance tests included squat jump, counte...

Abstract Bare sandy flats at and below low tide level of the Wadden Sea (eastern North Sea, European Atlantic) were observed in 2020 to have been invaded by an introduced grass-like alga, Vaucheria cf. velutina (Xanthophyceae). A dense algal turf accumulated stabilized mud, where resident seniors lugworm Arenicola marina had reworked rippled sand . Algae worms incompatible. Initially, rising pa...

Turf algae are a very important component of coral reefs, featuring high growth and turnover rates, whilst covering large areas of substrate. As food for many organisms, turf algae have an important role in the ecosystem. Farming damselfish can modify the species composition and productivity of such algal assemblages, while defending them against intruders. Like all organisms however, turf alga...