Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a biological process that allows epithelial cells to assume a mesenchymal cell phenotype. EMT is considered as a therapeutic target for several persistent inflammatory airway diseases related to tissue remodeling. Herein, we investigated the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and c-Src in TGF-β1-induced EMT. A549 cells, primary nasal epithelial ...

Introduction Numerous surgical methods are used to treat nasal obstruction due to inferior turbinate hypertrophy. The primary goal of the therapy is to maximize the nasal airway for as extended a period of time as possible while minimizing therapeutic complications. Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the effects of radiofrequency thermal ablation (RFTA) and bipolar electrocautery (B...

Introduction  The inferior turbinate (IT) is the most susceptible turbinate to enlargement causing nasal obstruction. The common belief ascribes most of the enlargement of the IT to mucosal elements. Objective  This study aimed to investigate the detailed computed tomography (CT) measurement of the IT in asymptomatic adult by determining the thickness of both the non-bony (mucosa) and bony part...

OBJECTIVES Since few studies on surgical training and learning curves have been performed, majority of inexperienced surgeons are anxious about performing operations. We aimed to access the results and learning curve of septoplasty with radiofrequency volume reduction (RFVR) of the inferior turbinate. METHODS We included 270 patients who underwent septoplasty with RFVR of the inferior turbina...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To develop a validated inferior turbinate grading scale. STUDY DESIGN Development and validation study. METHODS Phase 1 development (alpha test) consisted of a proposal of 10 different inferior turbinate grading scales (>1,000 clinic patients). Phase 2 validation (beta test) utilized 10 providers grading 27 standardized endoscopic photos of inferior turbinates using tw...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the outcome of turbinate radiofrequency ablation (RFA) by acoustic rhinometry. MATEIAL AND METHOD: Thirty allergic rhinitis (AR) patients aged 19-62 years old were recruited for this cross sectional prospective study. They all underwent radiofrequency turbinate ablation for chronic nasal obstruction. The acoustic rhinometry evaluation, total nasal symptom score, and nasal ...

BACKGROUND Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a multifactorial disease; the underlying mechanisms of cell signalling are not fully understood. STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) is a phosphokinase and a key signalling molecule implicated in cell cycle regulation. We studied the distribution and expression of STAT3 to examine the role of STAT3 in the pat...

BACKGROUND Concha bullosa (CB) is pneumatization of the middle turbinate and one of the most common anatomic variation of the sinonasal region. It is found in about 25% of the population. Middle meatus obstructive syndrome (MMOS) is, usually connected with CB. The main symptoms of this syndrome are headaches, impaired nasal breathing and hyposmia. Headache is the most common symptom and it may ...

BACKGROUND A pneumatized superior turbinate is a rare cause of headache. Nasal endoscopy alone, does not provide us with adequate information for this inaccessible area of the superior nasal cavity. A coronal computed tomography (CT) must be obtained to confirm the diagnosis. CASE PRESENTATION We present a 40-year-old female with migraine-type headache and nasal obstruction. Nasal endoscopy r...