The trace mineral boron is a micronutrient with diverse and vitally important roles in metabolism that render it necessary for plant, animal, and human health, and as recent research suggests, possibly for the evolution of life on Earth. As the current article shows, boron has been proven to be an important trace mineral because it (1) is essential for the growth and maintenance of bone; (2) gr...

Ground surface settlement under subway tunnel construction is one of the main sources urban ground settlement, which may threaten safety existing buildings. Therefore, it necessary to study influence on and stability subsidence. In current study, originating from operation a tunnel-boring machine (TBM) while excavating double-line that underpasses buildings studied. To this end, numerical simul...

A new kind of non-contact loosely coupled transformer of transmission method was proposed based on the principle of electromagnetic, thus to solve the problems of signal transmission in boring machine processing non-cylinder piston pin hole system. In this study, the factors that influence loosely coupled transformer characteristics are discussed, including coil position and air gap. Then, thei...

The gripper cylinder that provides braced force for Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) might fail due to severe vibration when the TBM excavates in the tunnel. Early fault diagnosis of the gripper cylinder is important for the safety and efficiency of the whole tunneling project. In this paper, an online condition monitoring system based on the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) method is established ...

The  tunnel  boring  machine  (TBM)  penetration  rate  estimation  is  one  of  the  crucial  and complex  tasks  encountered  frequently  to  excavate  the  mechanical  tunnels.  Estimating  the machine  penetration  rate  may  reduce  the  risks  related  to  high  capital  costs  typical  for excavation  operation.  Thus  establishing  a  relationship  between  rock  properties  and  TBM pe...

Honing is a process for finishing surfaces to obtain smooth surface. This process is used for final polish of inner parts such as engines cylinders. Optimizing this process has always been a big challenge for mass production of cylinder blocks of internal combustion engines. Honing process has some variable parameters, thus to get their optimum rates the automobile cylinders were tested. In thi...

The boring operation is a very critical manufacturing process which created surface roughness, tool wear, noise and vibration related problems. A deep internal boring operation in a workpiece is a classic example of chatter-prone machining. This review focuses on study of new damping composite materials for boring tool and introduces new advance viscoelastic materials for vibration attenuation ...

we have applied the method of integration of the heisenberg equation of motion proposed by bender and dunne, and m. kamella and m. razavy to the potential v(q) = v q - µ q with linear and nonlinear dissipation. we concentrate our calculations on the evolution of basis set of weyl ordered operators and calculate the mean position , velocity , the commutation relation [q, p], and the energy of pa...