NFκB (Nuclear Factor-κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) signaling elicits global transcriptional changes by activating cognate promoters and through genome-wide remodeling of cognate regulatory elements called "super enhancers". BET (Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal domain) protein family inhibitor studies have implicated BET protein member BRD4 and possibly other BET proteins in NFκB-d...

The transcription factors signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)1 and T-bet control the differentiation of interferon (IFN)-gamma-producing T helper type (Th)1 cells. Here we compare the role of T-bet and STAT1 in the initiation and regulation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a disease initiated by Th1 cells. T-bet-deficient mice immunized with myelin oligode...

Foamy viruses (spumaretroviruses) represent a retroviral genus which exhibits unusual features relating it to pararetroviruses. Previously, we reported the existence of a protein species harboring Env, Bel, and Bet epitopes in human foamy virus (HFV)-infected cells (M. L. Giron, F. Rozain, M. C. Debons-Guillemin, M. Canivet, J. Périès, and R. Emanoil-Ravier, J. Virol. 67:3596-3600, 1993). Here,...

Despite a high similarity with homologous protein families, only few proteins trigger an allergic immune response with characteristic TH2 polarization. This puzzling observation is illustrated by the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1a and its hypoallergenic protein isoforms, e.g., Bet v 1d. Given the key role of proteolytic processing in antigen presentation and T cell polarization, we invest...

Bromodomains have emerged as attractive candidates for the development of inhibitors targeting gene transcription. Inhibitors of the bromo and extraterminal (BET) family recently showed promising activity in diverse disease models. However, the pleiotropic nature of BET proteins regulating tissue-specific transcription has raised safety concerns and suggested that attempts should be made for do...

The BET proteins are a novel class of transcriptional regulators whose members can be found in animals, plants and fungi. Founding members are Human RING3, Drosophila Fsh and yeast Bdf1p. BET proteins are distinguished by an N-terminal bromodomain or bromodomains and an ET domain. As predicted by the presence of the bromodomain(s), these proteins have been found to be associated with chromatin....

The transcription factor T-bet is critical for cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) differentiation, but it is unclear how it operates in a graded manner in the formation of both terminal effector and memory precursor cells during viral infection. We find that, at high concentrations, T-bet induced expression of Zeb2 mRNA, which then triggered CTLs to adopt terminally differentiated states. ZEB2 and T-...

This paper investigates the relationship between energetic efficiency and the dynamical structure of a legged robot’s gait. We present an experimental data set collected from an untethered dynamic hexapod, EduBot [1] (a RHex-class [2] machine), operating in four distinct manually selected gaits. We study the robot’s single tripod stance dynamics of the robot which are identified by a purely joi...

We report for the first time the synthesis of nonplanar epitaxial tripod nanocrystals of II-VI compounds (ZnO, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, CdS, CdSe, and CdTe) on muscovite mica substrate. With CdS as a case study, we conclude via Raman spectroscopy and electron microscopy studies that the tripods, which are found to be polytypic, followed a seeded growth mechanism. The epitaxy, manifested by the in-plane...

A 30−year−old man was referred for an en− doscopic removal of proximally migrated pancreatic stent. At our institution, the in− itial attempt by endoscopic removal using a snare, basket and balloon extraction failed. The distal tip of the stent was im− pacted at the side wall of the pancreatic duct. A rat−tooth forceps was also tried and was able to access the tip of the stent. Unfortunately, i...