We study the conditions under which a semigroup is obtained upon convex combinations of channels. In particular, we set Pauli and generalized find that mixing only semigroups can never produce semigroup. Counter-intuitively, for combination to yield semigroup, most input channels have be noninvertible.

‎we present a characterization of arens regular semigroup algebras‎ ‎$ell^1(s)$‎, ‎for a large class of semigroups‎. ‎mainly‎, ‎we show that‎ ‎if the set of idempotents of an inverse semigroup $s$ is finite‎, ‎then $ell^1(s)$ is arens regular if and only if $s$ is finite‎.

We give a characterization for irreducible numerical semi-groups. From this characterization we obtain that every irre-ducible numerical semigroup is either a symmetric or pseudo-symmetric numerical semigroup. We study the minimal presentations of an irreducible numerical semigroup. Separately, we deal with the cases of maximal embedding dimension and multiplicity 3 and 4.

A subsemigroup S of an inverse semigroup Q is a left I-order in Q, if every element in Q can be written as a−1b where a, b ∈ S and a−1 is the inverse of a in the sense of inverse semigroup theory. We study a characterisation of semigroups which have a primitive inverse semigroup of left I-quotients.

The Temperley-Lieb and Brauer algebras and their cyclotomic analogues, as well as the partition algebra, are all examples of twisted semigroup algebras. We prove a general theorem about the cellularity of twisted semigroup algebras of regular semigroups. This theorem, which generalises a recent result of East about semigroup algebras of inverse semigroups, allows us to easily reproduce the cell...

We discuss the spectral properties of collisional semigroups associated to various models from transport theory by exploiting the links between the so-called resolvent approach and the semigroup approach. Precisely, we show that the essential spectrum of the full transport semigroup coincides with that of the collisionless transport semigroup in any L–spaces (1 < p < ∞) for three 2D–transport m...

This paper studies the integers that belong the multiplicative semigroup W generated by { 2n+1 : n ≥ 0} and 1 2 . They form a multiplicative semigroup W(Z) of integers which we call the wild integer semigroup, and the wild numbers are the generators of W(Z). It presents convincing evidence that the wild numbers consist of all prime numbers excluding 3.

Self-similar inverse semigroups are defined using automata theory. Adjacency semigroups of s-resolved Markov partitions of Smale spaces are introduced. It is proved that a Smale space can be reconstructed from the adjacency semigroup of its Markov partition, using the notion of the limit solenoid of a contracting self-similar semigroup. The notions of the limit solenoid and a contracting semigr...

This note shows how iteration of the standard process of adjoining identities and zeros to semigroups gives rise naturally to the lexicographical ordering on the additive semigroups of n-tuples of nonnegative integers and n-tuples of integers. 1. Semigroups with identities and zeros A binary operation ∗ on a set S is associative if (a ∗ b) ∗ c = a ∗ (b ∗ c) for all a, b, c ∈ S. A semigroup is a...