in this article, the effect of cells' radius on the behavior of wavelength switching optical filter andthe effect of the radius of the optical filters' key characteristics such as wavelength resonance onan optical filter based on photonic crystals, have been investigated. currently, the most commonapplied mechanism for designing optical filter based on photonic crystals is using twome...

Resource recovery and reuse from domestic wastewater has become an important subject for the current development of sanitation technologies infrastructures. Different are available combined into concepts, with different performances. This study provides a methodological approach to evaluate sustainability these concepts focus on resource reuse. St. Eustatius, small tropical island in Caribbean,...

Although biological treatment of sewage by activated sludge or trickling filters is widely practiced, these processes still give rise to difficulties. The difficulties may be due to sludge bulking during the activated sludge process or to clogging during the operation of trickling filters. In his studies of biofilters and standard filters, H. Heukelekian (Sewage Works J. 17:23, 516, and 743, 19...

introduction: the accuracy of analyzing functional mri (fmri) data is usually decreases in the presence of noise and artifact sources. a common solution in for analyzing fmri data having high noise is to use suitable preprocessing methods with the aim of data denoising. some effects of preprocessing methods on the parametric methods such as general linear model (glm) have previously been evalua...

here, we propose an add-drop and a channel drop filter based on two-dimensional photonic crystal all circular ring resonators. these structures are made of a square lattice of silicon rods with the refractive index n1=3.464 surrounded by air (with refractive index n2=1). the broadest photonic band gap occurs at the filling ratio of r/a = 0.17. two linear defect w1 waveguides couple to the ring....

Abstract Gilthead sea bream ( Sparus aurata ) was raised in six individual recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) whose biofilters’ performance analyzed. Fish were fed with three different diets (a control diet, a fishmeal-based diet (FM), and plant meal-based (VM)) feeding strategies (manual to apparent satiation, automatic restricted ration, auto-demand feeding). For every combination of str...

Four different biofilter packing materials (two porous ceramics, perlite, and open pore polyurethane foam) were compared for the removal of toluene vapors. The focus was on evaluating performance at relatively short gas retention time (13.5 and 27 sec). The reactors were initially operated as biotrickling filters with continuous feeding and trickling of a nutrient solution. After significant pl...

Rapid increase in population and industrialization leads to huge generation of solid waste throughout the country with landfilling as the most common practice for management of these solid waste. It is estimated that out of 3267 MLD of sewage is generated in Delhi. Concentrations of COD, BOD5, heavy metals, NH4AN, low BOD5/COD ratio and the lack of nutrients in the methanogenic phase have restr...