BACKGROUND This study evaluated the utility of immunization registries in identifying vaccine refusals among children. Among refusers, we studied their socioeconomic characteristics and health care utilization patterns. METHODS Medical records were reviewed to validate refusal status in the immunization registries of two health plans. Racial, education, and income characteristics of children ...

Fifty-nine of the 65 dairy farms with cubicle sheds in the Norwegian county of Oppland in 1990 were included in a study of rearing accommodation, cubicle refusal and mastitis incidence. The farmers recorded the favoured resting location of the individual cows and heifers throughout the final week of pregnancy as well as during calving. The observations were matched with individual records of ma...

The aim of this paper is to find the finest ‘observable’ and ‘implementable’ equivalence on concurrent processes. This is a part of a larger programme to develop a theory of observable processes where semantics of processes are based on locally and finitely observable process behaviour, and all process constructs are allowed, provided their operational meaning is defined by realistically implem...

smoking. Self-efficacy can be assumed as the best predictor of smoking behavior in adolescents. Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of a school-based interventional program on smoking refusal self-efficacy in adolescent females. Method: This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 53 adolescent females in 2017. The participants were randomly divided into two groups of i...

In order to survey the behaviour of choosing the alley area instead of a cubicle as a lying place (cubicle refusal), a questionnaire was sent to the 273 dairy farms in Norway known to keep cows in cubicle housing systems. Sixty-six percent of the farmers contacted were included in the study. The median herd size was 18 cows (range 7-118). More than 85% of the herds had sheds providing one or mo...

The current study examined the factors that influence Korean adolescents' drinking refusal self-efficacy, which is known to be associated with alcohol use and drinking intentions. Specifically, this study considered parental monitoring, parent-child communication satisfaction, peer influence, and prior alcohol use as possible antecedents of Korean high school students' drinking refusal self-eff...

OBJECTIVE An abrupt refusal by the infant to breastfeed is often called "nursing strike". In fact a common reason for cessation of nursing is infant's refusal to breast feed. This problem can often be overcome. This paper has aimed to identify the causes of "breast feeding refusal" or "nursing strike" in 6 month old infants visiting the East Tehran health center for their scheduled vaccination ...

Legislatures and courts are debating whether businesses can deny services to same-sex couples for religious reasons. Yet, little is known about public views on this issue. In a national survey experiment, Americans (n = 2035) responded to an experimental vignette describing a gay or interracial couple refused service. Vignettes varied the reason for refusal (religion/nonreligious) and by busine...

In a state in which patient refusal of antipsychotic medication in all nonemergency situations must be respected, lawyers and psychiatrists in western Massachusetts have employed probate court decisions as involuntary outpatient treatment orders. The legal, administrative, and clinical issues in sustaining court-ordered outpatient treatment are discussed by focusing on case examples demonstrati...

SUMMARY This is the first of two articles reviewing consent in those under age 18 (also referred to as ‘minors’ UK law). can be a complex issue clinical practice because law endows competent/capacitated minors with absolute right accept treatment, but limited refuse. article summarises recent cases refusal treatment minors. It uses them ask central questions: how do we, clinicians, think about ...