To simulate a new economical architecture for PEM fuel cell and investigate the effectiveness of the introduced structure on the performance, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code is used to solve the equations for a single domain of the cell namely: the flow field, the mass conservation, the energy conservation, the species transport, and the electric/ionic fields under the assumptions of st...

Abstract The well-known Karush-Kuhn-Tucker theorem can be used, as in the fuzzy case, to find the trapezoidal approximation of a given intuitionistic fuzzy number. The method is quite technical such that obtaining the trapezoidal approximation of an intuitionistic fuzzy numbers from the trapezoidal approximation of a fuzzy number is proposed in the present paper. Among the advantages of this me...

It is generally agreed that of all quadrature formulae, the trapezoidal rule, while being the simplest, is also the least accurate. There is, however, a rather general class of integrals for which the trapezoidal rule can be shown to be a highly accurate means of obtaining numerical values. Specifically, if the integrand is a periodic, even function with all derivatives continuous, then the int...

In this paper, we prove new distance properties between a fuzzy number and its trapezoidal approximation preserving the expected interval. Then, we find the best Lipschitz constant of the trapezoidal approximation operator preserving the expected interval. Finally, we use this result in finding within a reasonable error the trapezoidal approximation of a fuzzy number preserving the expected int...

The paper reports a new method for three-dimensional observation of the location of focused particle streams along both the depth and width of the channel cross-section in spiral inertial microfluidic systems. The results confirm that particles are focused near the top and bottom walls of the microchannel cross-section, revealing clear insights on the focusing and separation mechanism. Based on...

The shipping volume in inland waterways has been rapidly increasing recent years. However, it is still challenging to trace oil spills caused by maritime accidents. In this study, the spill dispersion trajectory rivers was obtained simulating of particles under different waterway conditions based on a simulated flow field. Firstly, field using fluid (VOF) model and solution an open-channel equa...