This study introduces a green location, routing and inventory problem with customer satisfaction, backup distribution centers and risk of routes in the form of a non-linear mixed integer programming model. In this regard, time window is considered to increase the customer satisfaction of the model and transportation risks is taken into account for the reliability of the system. In addition, dif...

Poor interpretability of current transportation systems has become an obstacle to further develop the intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Our design and implementation of intelligent transportation information service systems (ITIS) focuses on integrating heterogeneous data, transportation systems, and resources by using the grid technique. The ITIS project will refine and summarize the b...

As the second largest economic entity in the world, China plays an important role in controlling global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The land transportation sector (including railway transportation and road transportation) has been the most important source of emissions in China and the average CO2 emissions of land transportation were 529.31 million tons during the period 2009e2012. In this...

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this multicenter study was to assess differences in demographics, medical history, treatment times, and follow-up status among patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), who were transported to the hospital by emergency medical services (EMS) or by private vehicle, or were transferred from other medical facilities. METHODS This multicenter study invo...

Hazardous materials are harmful to environment and human health due to their toxic ingredients. It is very important to intensify efforts in the safety management of hazardous materials, and fundamentally prevent and reduce accidents. In this study, we consider a time-dependent hazardous materials vehicle routing problem in a two-echelon supply chain system. The goal is to determine the departu...

A mathematical framework for studying open dynamical systems is sketched. Special attention is given in the exposition to linear time-invariant diierential systems. The main concepts that are introduced are the behavior, manifest and latent variables, controllability, and observability. The paper ends with a discussion of control, which is viewed as system interconnection.

In this paper, the cost function for a three-echelon inventory system with two warehouses is derived. Transportation times are constant and retailers face independent Poisson demand. Replenishments are one-for-one. The lead time of a retailer is determined not only by the constant transportation time but also by the random delay incurred due to the availability of stock at the warehouses. We co...