This manuscript presents the synthesis and structural characterisation of novel biodegradable polymeric controlled-release systems of pesticides with potentially higher resistance to weather conditions in comparison to conventional forms of pesticides. Two methods for the preparation of pesticide-oligomer conjugates using the transesterification reaction were developed. The first method of obta...

Biodiesel consists of monoalkyl esters of long chain fatty acids. It is produced from vegetable oils or fats either by chemical transesterification with methanol or ethanol. The cost of lipases and the relatively slower reaction rate remain as the major obstacles for enzymatic production of biodiesel as opposed to the conventional chemical processes. The enzymatic process offers several advanta...

Six Korea high oil (KHO) corn varieties varying in germ and endosperm size and oil content (4-21%, wet basis) were subjected to three sequential combinations of milling (M), germ separation (S), fermentation (F), and in situ transesterification (T) to produce bioethanol and biodiesel. Production parameters including saccharification, bioethanol yield, biodiesel yield and composition, and conver...

The use of biodiesel, the methyl esters of vegetable oils are becoming popular due to their low environmental impact and potential as a green alternative fuel for diesel engine. The aim of this study is to potential use of Pongamia oil methyl ester as a substitute for diesel fuel in diesel engine. Various proportions of Pongamia and Diesel (B25, B50, B75, and B100) are prepared by transesterifi...

Internationally exploited lubricants are derived from coal and petroleum. Due to their high consumption and effects of their long-term pollution on the environment, it is imperative to use renewable and cheap feedstock for the synthesis of bio-based lubricants. This study presents the synthesis and optimization process of Ethylene Glycol (EG) based bio-lubricant from palm kernel oil. Palm Kerne...

introduction biofuels are considered as one of the largest sources of renewable fuels or replacement of fossil fuels. combustion of plant-based fuels is the indirect use of solar energy. biofuels significantly have less pollution than other fossil fuels and can easily generate from residual plant material. waste and residues of foods and wastewater can also be a good source for biofuel producti...

Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether monolaurate (DGMEML) was synthesized via the reaction of diethylene glycol monomethyl ether (DGME) with methyl laurate (ML) by a new solid base catalyst of KF/CaO/AC, which was prepared by impregnation method using active carbon as carrier. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning el...

This paper presents the synthesis of structured phosphatidylcholine (PC) enriched with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) by transesterification of DHA/EPA-rich ethyl esters with PC using immobilized phospholipsase A1 (PLA1) in solvent-free medium. Firstly, liquid PLA1 was immobilized on resin D380, and it was found that a pH of 5 and a support/PLA1 ratio (w/v) of 1:3 we...

A detailed understanding of the susceptibility of RNA phosphodiesters to specific base-catalyzed cleavage is necessary to approximate the stability of RNA under various conditions. In addition, quantifying the rate enhancements that can be produced exclusively by this common cleavage mechanism is needed to fully interpret the mechanisms employed by ribonucleases and by RNA-cleaving ribozymes. C...