Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a nonpharmacologic treatment for pain relief. TENS has been used to treat a variety of painful conditions. This review updates the basic and clinical science regarding the use of TENS that has been published in the past 3 years (ie, 2005-2008). Basic science studies using animal models of inflammation show changes in the peripheral nervous s...

Abstract Background This study presents a novel technique to develop an equivalent circuit model (ECM) for analyzing the responses of layered body structure transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) by parameterizing and geometrical properties.Many classical ECMs are non-parametric because difficulty in projecting intrapersonal variability physical properties into ECM. However, not con...

<p><strong><em>Background: </em></strong><em>Dysmenorrhea is medical condition indicated by an increase of the prostaglandin (PG) F2-alpha hormone and cyclooxygenase (COX-2) causing hypertonic as well vasoconstriction activity to myometrium. It leads ischemia stimulating pain in uterine organs. The influence quality life productivity majority female patients....

INTRODUCTION Restless genital syndrome (ReGS) is characterized by unwanted, unpleasant genital sensations, restless legs, and/or overactive bladder, as well as neuropathy of the dorsal nerve of the clitoris. So far, ReGS has only been reported in females. AIM To report the occurrence of ReGS in two males. METHODS Two males with unwanted genital sensations presented in our clinic. In-depth i...

background: osteoarthritis is a disabling musculoskeletal disease with no definite treatment. this study compared the effect of platelet-rich plasma (prp) and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (tens) plus exercise in the treatment of patients with knee joint osteoarthritis.   methods : 54 eligible patients with knee osteoarthritis were randomly allocated into two groups. (irct20121106...

The analgesic effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and vibratory stimulation (VS), used both separately and simultaneously, were compared in 24 patients suffering from chronic pain. We tested the hypothesis that these combined procedures might improve the pain reducing effects obtained with a single type of stimulation, since they make it possible to recruit a larger nu...