conclusions the current study showed that poorness and unreliability of “al-kafi” narratives is a vain thought. hence, it is recommended to perform clinical trial studies (at least) on accurate/authentic narratives, and also consider them as reputable and valid narratives, along with traditional medicine references. results from all narratives of the book “al-kafi” (pillars, furoo, and rouzat a...

Background and objectives: Depression is a common and costly public-health disease. It has been considered in Iranian traditional medicine and many herbal combinations have been used for healing depressive-like disorders. Traditional herbal medicines should be converted into common dosage forms for patient acceptance and easier usage. Methods: In the present re...

The field of medicine originated in ancient times and developed according to society's values. Religious beliefs, lifestyles, customs shape national medicine, which turn is shaped by history culture. This culture, known the scientific literature as "folk medicine," also existed Kazakh society. cultural manifestation, dubbed "Field Medicine" our article, was documented written sources from Karak...

throughout history, there have always been different opinions about the necessity and methods of contraception in different cultures. persian medical scientists in the medieval era illustrated different contraceptive methods in their manuscripts. avicenna, for example, discussed different types of contraceptive methods in canon, one of the most important medical books written in the 10th centur...

background: constipation is a common complaint during pregnancy. iranian traditional medicine (itm) has some recommendations for this complaint. objective: in this study, interventions of constipation in pregnancy have been presented and their efficacy and safety evidence were reviewed from modern literature. methods: interventions selected based upon the chapters related to health protection o...

honey is a by-product of flower nectar and the upper aero-digestive tract of the honey bee, which is concentrated through a dehydration process inside the bee hive. honey has a very complex chemical composition that varies depending on the botanical source. it has been used both as food and medicine since ancient times. human use of honey is traced to some 8000 years ago as depicted by stone ag...

The use of folk medicine has been widely embraced in many developed countries under the name of traditional, complementary and alternative medicine (TCAM) and is now becoming the mainstream in the UK and the rest of Europe, as well as in North America and Australia. Diversity, easy accessibility, broad continuity, relatively low cost, base levels of technological inputs, fewer side effects, and...

islamic golden age, 9-12 century ad, was the period through which persian scientists and physicians were most influential in improving medical sciences including cardiovascular knowledge. although post-islamic golden age witnessed a number of great persian scholars moving cardiovascular concepts forward, they failed to become as well known as their predecessors. one of these scholars was hakim ...

results bahaodowle razi, a persian physician from the 15th century anno domini (ad), reported two epidemics in harat and one in rey (inold persia) for the first time, one century before baillou. he named it as sorfe-ie-am (meaning public cough). those occurred during his lifetime. explaining about his observations and experiences about this epidemic, bahaodowle razi elaborated on prognosis, sym...

Background and objectives: Cervicitis is a common and recurrent gynecologic disease which is usually resistant to treatments. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Iranian traditional medicine (ITM) product, flixweed- honey, on cervicitis. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted as a clinical trial before and after the intervention at ...