Concentrations of the incompatible trace elements and REEs in the upper mantle rocks of the Northern Semail ophiolite are very low, as typical in the residua of partial melting and in the early products of a fractionating magma. However, their geochemical characteristics have shown indications of hydrous magmas that more likely related to a subduction environment. Melt extraction can play a cru...

The effect of the absence of trace elements on the conversion of a mixture of volatile fatty acids by a distillery anaerobic granular sludge was investigated. Two UASB reactors were operated under identical operational conditions except for the influent trace metal concentrations, during 140 days. Experiments were carried out in three periods, where different organic loading rates (OLR) were ap...

Pleistocene basaltic lava flows, consisting of trachybasalt and basaltic trachyandesite, cover an area north-northwest of Shahre-Babak in southeastern Iran. The whole rock chemistry indicates that the lavas are dominantly alkaline and mildly calc-alkaline. Variation diagrams of SiO2 with major and trace elements are consistent with fractional crystallization processes involving olivine, pyroxen...

In the first part of this thesis, strategies for avoiding systematic errors when quantifying the main components in mixtures of solvents has been developed (paper I). It is shown that variations in density caused by variations in sample composition and/or volume contraction need to be taken into account. In this way, quantification can be improved. The second part (paper II-V) describes a numbe...

The black shale submember of core shales of Pennsylvanian Kansas-type cyclothems is highly enriched in redox-sensitive trace elements (TEs) relative to the overlying gray shale submember as well as to many other modern and ancient organic-rich deposits. Controls on trace-element behavior in the black shale can be inferred from trace-element enrichment factors (EFs, relative to gray shale) and t...