Arsenic is a naturally occurring element and anthropogenic contaminant present in 2 general forms: inorganic and organic. Inorganic arsenic is considered highly toxic to humans.1 The International Agency for Research on Cancer, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) all classify inorganic arsenic as a human carcinogen.2–4 The health ef...

Toxic alcohols that clinicians commonly encounter are ethylene glycol, methanol, and isopropanol. Adults ingest these either for suicidal intent or to achieve inebriation, since these substances are readily available and cheaper than alcohol. Nevertheless, assorted alcohols are used very often in many applications and any alcohol can be toxic if ingested in large enough quantities. Toxic alcoho...

The toxic effects of arsenicals are significantly modified by numerous biological and abiotic factors. The toxicity of arsenic in the environment is affected by temperature, pH, Eh, organic content, phosphate concentration, adsorption to solid matrices, the presence of other substances and toxicants, duration of exposure and the arsenic species present. In general, inorganic arsenicals are more...

The results of this study indicate that when human VLDL or LDL is prepared under conditions allowing oxidation, such oxidation renders the molecular complexes highly toxic to human skin fibroblasts growing in culture. The cytotoxicity can be predicted by assaying for the presence of thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances on the lipoprotein. However, malondialdehyde, which reacts with thiobarbi...

Humic substances, the dark-colored, natural organic polyelectrolytes that are found in practically all soils, sediments, and natural water, strongly interact with both inorganic and organic pollutants. Inorganic cationic species generally undergo complexation reactions with humic substances. The binding of cations, such as cupric ions, by humic substances often markedly reduces their toxicity t...

Becoming a sustainable enterprise, among other things, requires the firm to adopt a different approach to both pollution and industrial accidents. Pollution Prevention/Cleaner Production is intervention earlier in the production process than end-of-pipe control of pollution and waste, and takes the form of input substitution, process changes and final product reformulation to prevent the gradua...

With the rapid growth in urbanization and industrialization, environmental contamination has worsened due to incessant discharge of toxic substances into water bodies, which become a worldwide problem [...]

Development of microbial biofilms and the recruitment of propagules on the surfaces of man-made structures in the marine environment cause serious problems for the navies and for marine industries around the world. Current antifouling technology is based on the application of toxic substances that can be harmful to the natural environment. For this reason and the global ban of tributyl tin (TBT...