OBJECTIVES Surgical treatment of proximal humerus fractures can be challenging due to osteoporosis. The weak bone stock makes stable implant anchorage difficult, which can result in low primary stability. Accordingly, significant failure rates, even with modern locking plates, are reported in the literature. Intraoperative knowledge of local bone quality could be helpful in improving results. T...

The measurement of the torque-speed curve is usually done by fixing the cell to a glass slide and tethering a polystyrene bead to the flagellar hook. An optical trap monitor the rotational speed of the bead and the motor torque is calculated from τ = (ξL + ξR)ω ≈ ξLω, where ξR is the drag coefficient due to the internal friction in the motor, ξL is the bead drag coefficient, and ω is the angula...

It is necessary to detect complex force and torque components of three-dimensional space in research and manufacture, therefore the multi-axis force and torque sensors are developed rapidly. For examples, the six-axis wrist force/torque sensor for robot assembling and automated polishing [1,2], the multi-component strain gauge balance for wind tunnel testing to determine loads on models [3], th...

A safe interaction is crucial in wearable robotics in general, while in assistive and rehabilitation applications, robots may also be required to minimally perturb physiological movements, ideally acting as perfectly transparent machines. The actuation system plays a central role because the expected performance, in terms of torque, speed and control bandwidth, must not be achieved at the expen...

This study presented a three-pressure-sensor (3PS) system for monitoring ankle supination torque during sport motions. Five male subjects wore a pair of cloth sport shoes and performed 10 trials of walking, running, cutting, vertical jump-landing and stepping-down motions in a random sequence. A pair of pressure insoles (Novel Pedar model W, Germany) was inserted in the shoes for the measuremen...

Several techniques have been proposed and used for the rotation or alignment of microparticles in optical tweezers. In every case the optical torque results from the exchange of angular momentum between the beam and the particle, and, in principle, can be measured by purely optical means. Measurement of this torque could be useful for quantitative measurements in biological systems and is requi...

Background: Isokinetic dynamometry allows the measurement of several variables related to muscular performance, many of which are seldom used, while others are redundantly applied to the characterization of muscle function. Objectives: The present study aimed to establish the particular features of muscle function that are captured by the variables currently included in isokinetic assessment an...

As one of the convenient and noninvasive sensing approaches, the automatic limb girth measurement has been applied to detect intention behind human motion from muscle deformation. The sensing validity has been elaborated by preliminary researches but still need more fundamental studies, especially on kinetic contraction modes. Based on the novel fabric strain sensors, a soft and smart limb girt...

– The voltage fluctuations of the electrical power supply and their effects on both industrial and domestic apparatuses are today a central topic of discussion. The aim of this paper is the evaluation of the effects of the low-frequency voltage amplitude modulation on induction motors, with both numerical and experimental analysis. For the numerical analysis different kinds of modulations have ...

The purpose of this research was to investigate the torque capacity of active and passive self-ligating brackets compared with metallic, ceramic, and polycarbonate edgewise brackets. Six types of orthodontic brackets were included in the study: the self-ligating Speed and Damon2, the stainless steel (SS), Ultratrimm and Discovery, the ceramic bracket, Fascination 2, and the polycarbonate bracke...