introduction: the use of lasers for treatment has become a common phenomenon in the medical field. currently, numerous laser systems are available for dental use. the use of lasers for periodontal treatment becomes more complicated because the periodontium consists of both hard and soft tissues. methods: related articles were gathered and selected carefully and reviewed. among the many lasers a...

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Western society. More than 1 million arterial bypass procedures are performed annually in the United States, where either autologous veins or synthetic grafts are used to replace arteries in the coronary or peripheral circulation. Tissue engineering of blood vessels from autologous cells has the potential to produce biolo...

Nowadays, chronic congestive heart failure (CHF) remains a challenge despite significant progress in drug therapy. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has revolutionized CHF treatment as a result of improved cardiac function based on optimal drug therapy [1, 2]. However, approximately 18% to 32% of patients who have undergone CRT do not experience positive curative effects [3, 4]. Recent st...

Objective(s): Cell therapy has provided clinical applications to the treatment of motor neuron diseases. The current obstacle in stem cell therapy is to direct differentiation of stem cells into neurons in the neurodegenerative disorders. Biomaterial scaffolds can improve cell differentiation and are widely used in translational medicine and tissue engineering. The aim...

in cell therapy and regenerative medicine, a reliable source of stem cells together with cytokine growth factors and biomaterial scaffolds seem necessary. as adipose tissue is easy accessible and is abundant source of adult stem cells and can differentiate along multiple lineages, it can be considered as a good candidate in aesthetic medicine. the clinical application of adipose-derived stem ce...

Different cell sources for bone tissue engineering are reviewed. In particular, adult cell source strategies have been based on the implantation of unfractionated fresh bone marrow; purified, culture expanded mesenchymal stem cells, differentiated osteoblasts, or cells that have been modified genetically to express rhBMP. Several limiting factors are mentioned for these strategies such as low n...

Cardiovascular Diseases To the Editor: We read with interest the review by Nugent and Edelman.1 The authors have discussed seeding of prosthetic vascular graft but have not commented on the difference between single-stage and two-stage seeding. Single-stage seeding involves extraction of endothelial cells (ECs), coating of graft lumen, and implanting the graft into the patient, all within the t...

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer and second leading cause of cancer deaths among men in the United States. Most men have localized disease diagnosed following an elevated serum prostate specific antigen test for cancer screening purposes. Standard treatment options consist of surgery or definitive radiation therapy directed by clinical factors that are organized into risk stratificatio...