Qazi Asad Arin is a poet of 11th century AH. No information is available on his story. He originally was from Saveh, who lived in Kashan and was buried in 1048. He is a collection of large buildings and gardens that are destroyed in half a century ago and only Tombstone Gnostic is left. He is from the elders of Sufism, which is the way through Ali Sedeyri to Mohammad Nourbakhsh and other elders...

In the late 13th and early 14th centuries, Iran was involved with epidemics such as plague and cholera, affecting the population and economy of the country. The spread of these diseases, on the one hand, was the result of the government's inability to organize health centers and, on the other hand, the inability to prevent these diseases by the quarantine of the borders. The southern borders of...

The 10th century AH was very important for Muslim lands, including Yemen in the era of Taherian (858-945 AH), because during this time, Portugal as a colonist country, in order to have access to new maritime routes, to seize Muslim commercial centers, as well as monopoly of Indian medicine trade, was moving eastward, into Yemen. At the same time, the Ottoman Empire, which was one somehow the fl...

The Arafa supplication with its rhythmic text is a prayer in about 3200 words, eloquent in style and with only a few different versions with slight variances. The subject matter of this supplication is to confess to the sublimity and glory of God, before the worldly, tragic and unstable situation of man. In addition, the praying person praises God for his abundant mercies and invokes God's bles...

The Transoxiana area in the northeastern part of Khorasan was part of the realm of the Islamic world, which its inhabitants gradually embraced Islam in the first century AH. Subsequently, religious approaches influenced most of the political developments in the region so that politicians and religious service providers considered themselves responsible for religious practices. In the thirteenth...

One of the topics of interest to the Orientalists in the field of history of hadith and jurisprudence is the common link theory which deals with serious and various problems in jurisprudential documents and narrations. Some of these problems are: the common link of narrators, family documents, involvement of too old narrators in documents, back-ward growth of documents and argument from silence...

The enamel painting has a long history in Iran. However, this is a lost art and few glass artists are interested in enameling. The oldest traces of Zarrin Faam performed on glass containers were found in Egypt in the second century AH. Since then, this technique was used on glazed pottery at the Islamic era. Zarrin Faam, a thin layer of copper and silver nanoparticles, is an enamel in which lus...