Peripheral blood lymphocytes were monitored prospectively in 10 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) receiving up to 1 g of sodium aurothiomalate. There was a significant fall in the absolute lymphocyte count from a mean +/- SEM of 1956 +/- 190/mm3 (1.956 +/- 0.19 X 10(9)/l) to 1232 +/- 210/mm3 (1.232 +/- 0.21 X 10(9)/l) (p less than 0.01). The number of of circulating lymphocytes fell in al...

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are being extensively used in cancer therapeutic applications due to their ability to act both as an anticancer drug carrier in chemotherapy and as a dose enhancer in radiotherapy. The therapeutic response can be further enhanced if nanoparticles (NPs) can be effectively targeted into the nucleus. Here, we present an uptake and removal of GNPs functionalized with three...

As nanotechnology continues to develop, an assessment of nanoparticles' toxicity becomes very crucial for biomedical applications. The current study examines the deleterious effects of pre-irradiated gold nanoparticles (GNPs) solutions on primary rat kidney cells (PRKCs). Spectroscopic and transmission electron microscopic studies demonstrated that exposure of 15 nm GNPs in size to pulsed laser...

The capacity of monocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis to generate superoxide anion in vitro after stimulation with serum treated zymosan (STZ) or IgG treated zymosan (IgTZ) was studied before and during therapy with penicillamine (n = 9) or sodium aurothiomalate (AuTM) (n = 12). Significant increases in rates of STZ (p less than 0.01) and IgTZ (p less than 0.02) stimulated superoxid...

The aim of this study was to assess the amount of apically extruded debris during filling removal with WaveOne Gold (WOG), ProTaper Universal Retreatment (PTR), D-RaCe Retreatment (DRR) or hand files (HF), to compare the working time during filling removal, and to describe failures of NiTi instruments. Forty mesiobuccal roots of maxillary first molars were prepared with WOG Primary, obturated a...

In-vitro studies of superoxide (O-2) anion production by blood monocytes after stimulation with either serum treated zymosan (STZ), IgG treated zymosan (IgGTZ), or fluoride ion (F-) were performed on cells from normal controls (n = 22) and patients with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (n = 35). Twenty-two of the patients were on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) alone...

Experiments were carried out with the suckling mouse cataract agent (SMCA) in an attempt to better characterize the nature of this agent. Despite the fact that high titers of SMCA were found in the chorioallantoic fluid of inoculated chicken embryos, the agent did not replicate in chicken embryo epithelial cell cultures. SMCA did not interfere with Sindbis virus plaque formation and was not inh...

Gold (sodium aurothiomalate) is commonly used as a disease modifying agent in rheumatoid arthritis. Its use is, however, limited by occurrence of toxic reactions, which may develop in up to 45% of patients.' The mechanism of toxicity is not clear, although a genetic basis for haematological and renal toxicity has been shown.2 Penicillamine and captopril are also effective disease modifying drug...

GLAUCOMA has been reported to be common in many tropical countries, observations having been based on various criteria. Elliot (1920) noted that in the Madras Eye Hospital the proportion of surgical operations for glaucoma and cataract were in the ratio of one to four. Chang (1951) reported that 1 75 per cent. of 13,807 ophthalmic out-patients in Peking suffered from primary glaucoma. Dodds (19...

The effect of two gold(I) compounds on stability of lysosomes in vitro was studied. Lysosomes from homogenates of rat kidney cortex were isolated by differential centrifugation. These lysosomes were incubated at 37 degrees C with widely varied concentrations of sodium aurothiomalate and sodium aurothiosulphate for 5, 35, and 65 minutes. Acid phosphatase activities were measured and used as an i...