purpose: to measure peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (rnfl) thickness in normal human eyes by optical coherence tomography (oct). methods: eighty-one eyes of 45 normal participants were studied. each person underwent a complete ophthalmic examinations, including measurement of visual aquity and intraocular pressure and evaluation of the anterior segment, optic disc, and retinal nerve fib...

the aim of this study is experimental assay of sensitivity and stability of a bimetallic silver/gold spr sensor chip. this chip utilizes the sensitivity of the silver and the stability of the gold. moreover, the silver layer (instead of usual cr or ti layer) was used as an adhesive intermediate layer between the gold layer and the glass substrate. the optimization of the gold/silver thickness u...

In this paper, a rectangular sandwich plate with a constrained layer and an electrorheological (ER) fluid core is investigated. The rectangular plate is covered an ER fluid core and a constraining layer to improve the stability of the system. The two outer layers of the sandwich structure are elastic. The viscoelastic materials express the middle layer behavior under electric field and small st...

large size direct shear tests (i.e.300 x 300mm) were conducted to investigate the interaction between clay reinforced with geogrids embedded in thin layers of sand. test results for the clay, sand, clay-sand, clay-geogrid, sandgeogrid and clay-sand-geogrid are discussed. thin layers of sand including 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14mm were used to increase the interaction between the clay and the geogrid...

Using time-domain thermoreflectance, we have measured the transport of thermally excited vibrational energy across planar interfaces between water and solids that have been chemically functionalized with a self-assembled monolayer (SAM). The Kapitza length--i.e., the thermal conductivity of water divided by the thermal conductance per unit area of the interface--is analogous to the "slip length...

© 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim 6023 wileyonlinelibrary.com Our work is inspired by passive transport across cell membranes, which offer an intriguing example of regulating membrane permeability based on transmembrane hydrophilic/hydrophobic interactions. [ 10 ] The cell membrane has a lipid bilayer structure consisting of hydrophilic phosphate outer layers and hydrophobic hyd...

Deep karst depressions with a large volume of water due to a poor water drainage system (caused by a clay layer, etc.) and with steeply sloping sidewalls paludificate in a special way. Peat formation begins with dead vegetative material (leaves, etc.) floating on the water's surface in the center of the karst lake. The peat grows laterally from the center of the depression to its edges and the ...

We report an experimental investigation on the relationship between the thickness of the viscous boundary layer and the highest excitation (or cuto ) frequency of the temperature power spectrum in turbulent convection, using water as working uid. For the range of the Rayleigh number spanned in the experiment (10–10), we con rm that the peak position in the cuto frequency pro le can be used as a...