Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, the maize weevil, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.), the saw-toothed grain beetle, and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), the red flour beetle, were exposed for 1, 2, 3, and 6 d at 22 C, 27 C, and 32 C on maize treated with 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, or 4.0 ppm thiamethoxam, a new-generation neonicotenoid insecticide. A second series of tests was conducted on hard winter wheat us...

The application of insecticides to control Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) is a principal component of the current management for citrus greening disease or Huanglongbing. It is recommended that growers apply systemic insecticides such as imidacloprid and thiamethoxam every 2 mo after seedling planting, but this practice renders the seedlings insecticide-free and vulnerable to ...

The objective of this study was to verify the richness and density of aquatic benthic macroinvertebrates after exposure to fungicides and insecticides of the rice paddy elds. In the crop seasons of 2012/13 and 2013/14, eld experiments were performed, which consisted of single-dose applications of the fungicides tri oxystrobin + tebuconazole and tricyclazole, and the insecticides lambda-cyhaloth...

BACKGROUND The presence of certain symbiotic microorganisms may be associated with insecticide resistance in insects. The authors compared the susceptibility of two isofemale lines, Rickettsia-plus and Rickettsia-free, of the sweet potato whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) to major insecticides from different chemical groups, including imidacloprid, acetamiprid, thiame...

Most agronomic situations involve a sequence of herbicide, fungicide, and insecticide application. On the other hand, use of pesticidal combinations has become a standard practice in the production of many agricultural crops. One of the most important processes influencing the behavior of a pesticide in the environment is its degradation in soil. It is known that due to several pesticide applic...

The Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) Order Coleoptera and the potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae (Harris) Order Homoptera, are the major insect pests of potato in eastern North America. In two years of field trials, we compared the effectiveness of three pest management options for the control of Colorado potato beetle and potato leafhopper: natural host plant resistance (...

Bumblebees are exposed to pesticides applied for crop protection while foraging on treated plants, with increasing evidence suggesting that this sublethal exposure has implications for pollinator declines. The challenges of navigating and learning to manipulate many different flowers underline the critical role learning plays for the foraging success and survival of bees. We assessed the impact...

Soil-dwelling insects are severe pests in many agroecosystems. These pests have cryptic life cycles, making sampling difficult and damage hard to anticipate. The management of soil insects is therefore often based on preventative insecticides applied at planting or cultural practices. Wireworms, the subterranean larvae of click beetles (Coleoptera: Elateridae), have re-emerged as problematic pe...

Thiamethoxam is a neurotoxic systemic insecticide belonging to the neonicotinoid family. Approved under trade Algeria Actara WG 25%, plant protection product recognized as toxic bees after acute exposure. However, this persistent, has significant residual activity and accumulates in plants. It therefore necessary completely reassess its toxicity. To do this, we determined sensitivity of Saharan...

Neonicotinoids are one of the newest groups systemic pesticides, effective on a wide range invertebrate pests. The success neonicotinoids can be assessed according to amount used, for example, in Czech Republic, which now accounts 1/3 insecticide market. European Union (EU) has relatively interesting attitude towards neonicotinoids. Three neonicotinoid substances (imidacloprid, clothianid...