The effect of thermally processed rice koji extracts on survival of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was examined in comparison with non-heated koji extract. In chronological life span (CLS) tests on high-sugar fermentation, the survivals of the yeast cells grown with heated koji extracts were higher than non-heated koji extract. Heat treatment of the extracts by autoclaving led to a loss in most...

High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) are used to study the ion induced effects in Au, Ag nanostructures grown on Si and thermally grown SiO2 substrates. Au and Ag films (∼ 2 nm) are prepared by thermal evaporation under high vacuum condition at room temperature (RT). These films were irradiated with MeV Au ions also at RT. Ver...

We have developed a multilayer, multichannel microfabricated reactor that uses elemental fluorine as a reagent and generates hydrogen fluoride as a byproduct. Nested potassium hydroxide etching (using silicon nitride and silicon oxide as masking materials) was developed to create a large number of channels (60 reaction channels connected to individual gas and liquid distributors) of significant...

Nano-encapsulated iron oxide in Zirconium oxide-coated mica pigments are thermally stable,innocuous to human health, non-combustible, and they do not conduct electricity. They could beapplied in several industries such as thermoplastics, cosmetics, food packaging, children toys, paints,automobiles coating, security purposes, and banknotes. Nowadays, they are highly desirable inceramic decoratio...

A rapid thermal oxidation process of silicon in N20 ambient was investigated using a commercially available reactor with a fixed wafer position and a gas flow parallel to the wafer surface. For such a configuration, thickness uniformities in the 2% range were obtained for the first time. The oxidation rate as a function of process temperature and time was investigated. A retardation in the N20 ...

Stretchable electrodes are a critical component for flexible electronics such as displays, energy devices, and wearable sensors. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene have been considered for flexible electrode applications, due to their mechanical strength, high carrier mobility, and excellent thermal conductivity. Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs) provide the possibility to serve as...

Chemical mechanical polished ~CMP! ~100! GaSb substrates were processed using gas cluster ion beams ~GCIB! to improve surface smoothness, reduce subsurface damage, and produce a thermally desorbable oxide layer for molecular-beam epitaxy ~MBE! overgrowth. In this article, we report the growth of GaSb/AlGaSb epilayers on GCIB processed GaSb substrates. The substrates were processed using either ...

A widely used application of the atomic layer deposition (ALD) and chemical vapour deposition (CVD) methods is the preparation of permeation barrier layers against water vapour. Especially in the field of organic electronics, these films are highly demanded as such devices are very sensitive to moisture and oxygen. In this work, multilayers of aluminium oxide (AlO x ) and plasma polymer (PP) we...

The sidewall defects in high quality selective epitaxial growth ~SEG! of silicon were characterized. Three different SEG diode structures were fabricated and the bulk and perimeter defects were characterized through electrical measurements and transmission electron microscopy ~TEM!. The structures investigated were SEG grown in a 1.2 mm thick wet-etched field oxide, SEG grown in 1.2 mm thick re...