Accumulated experimental information is used to assess the possible significance of thermal diffusion to mass transport in living matter. Possible thermal gradients across membranes, a single living cell, and an ensemble of such cells (e.g. an organ, tumor, etc.) are estimated. The corresponding model calculations, although not describing the biological process in detail, lead to conclusions ab...

The thermal and chemical evolution of star-forming clouds is studied for different gas metallicities, Z, using the model of Omukai (2000), updated to include deuterium chemistry and the effects of cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation. HD-line cooling dominates the thermal balance of clouds when Z ∼ 10−5 − 10Z⊙ and density ≈ 105cm−3. Early on, CMB radiation prevents the gas temperature to...

Thermal transformations of natural calcium oxalate monohydrate known in mineralogy as whewellite have been undertaken using a combination of thermal analysis and Raman microscopy with the use of a thermal stage. High resolution thermogravimetry shows that three mass loss steps occur at 162, 479 and 684 °C. Evolved gas mass spectrometry shows that water is evolved in the first step and carbon di...

The thermal properties of star-forming clouds have an important influence on how they fragment into stars, and it is suggested in this paper that the low-mass stellar initial mass function (IMF), which appears to be almost universal, is determined largely by the thermal physics of these clouds. In particular, it is suggested that the characteristic stellar mass, a little below one solar mass, i...

Thermal ionization mass spectrometry (T I M S). Fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (F A B M S). . Inductively coupled mass spectrometry (I C P M S) Electron impact mass spectrometry (E I M S) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS). Dosage considerations. Intrinsic or extrinsic tag. Intestinal transit time and study length Endogenously excreted elements .