The stability of calf skin collagen (CSC) type I during thermal and chemical denaturation in the presence of glycerol was investigated. Thermal denaturation of type I collagen was performed in the presence of glycerol or in combination with urea and sodium chloride. The denaturation curves obtained in the presence of urea or sodium chloride retained their original shape without glycerol. These ...

Kraft-AQ pulping lignin was sequentially fractionated by organic solvent extractions and the molecular properties of each fraction were characterized by chemical degradation, GPC, UV, FT-IR, (13)C-NMR and thermal analysis. The average molecular weight and polydispersity of each lignin fraction increased with its hydrogen-bonding capacity (Hildebrand solubility parameter). In addition, the ratio...

Amide derivatives of L-alanine and e-caprolactam were readily obtained on diaminefunctionalized oxidized single-walled and pristine multi-walled carbon nanotubes through a onestep direct amidation reaction, which employs thermal activation at 160–200 uC instead of chemical activation, avoids the use of organic solvents, and requires a few hours only for completion. In the case of e-caprolactam,...

Using N-sulfonyl triazoles as substrates, compounds as diverse as 2-imino tetrahydrofurans, 13and 15membered ring aza-macrocycles can be prepared selectively via formal [1 + 4], [5 + 4 + 4] and [3 + 4 + 4 + 4] condensations of a-imino carbenes and oxetanes under Rh(II)-catalysis or thermal activation. Spirocyclic N-heterocycles are also accessible by means of Buchwald–Hartwig and Pictet–Spengle...

Very limited experimental data are available on thermal decomposition of germane in the gas phase. Recent developments in theoretical quantum chemistry techniques such as ab initio Hartree-Fock and density functional methods have made accurate determination of molecular properties possible. Systematic development of a detailed gas-phase decomposition mechanism for germane using ab initio molecu...

A compressible single step chemistry Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) database of freely propagating premixed flames has been used to analyze different entropy generation mechanisms. The entropy generation due to viscous dissipation within the flames remains negligible in comparison to the other mechanisms of entropy generation. It has been found that the entropy generation increases significa...