studying the prophet’s methods of interaction with his opponents is a need nowadays. through these procedures, we can be aware of the best ways to penetrate into others hearts and introduce religious ideas (instructions). on the other hand, we can consider ahle- ketab including jews, christians and some other religious groups like sabe’in and magus and pagans including idol and star worshipers,...

This article examines the Mu‘tazilite Qādī ‘Abd al-Jabbār’s views on the denotation of miracles according to his own particular methodology. Despite his acceptance of the celebrated method of the theologians in the denotation of miracles with respect to the authenticity of prophets, i.e., resorting to divine wisdom, Qādī ‘Abd al-Jabbār instead proposed the issue within the structure of conven...

reminding function (of innate knowledge) is one of the most important nonindependentfunctions of revelation. prophets and saints of god have employeddifferent approaches for realizing this function and duty of revelation.revealed texts, offering explanatory role (explaining the innate covenant, itscontent and characteristics), educational role (teaching religion, prayer andworship), motivationa...