Climate change is altering historical patterns of snow accumulation and melt, threatening societal frameworks for water supply. However, decreases in spring snow water equivalent (SWE) and changes in snowmelt are not ubiquitous despite widespread warming in the western United States, highlighting the importance of latent and radiant energy fluxes in snow ablation. Here we demonstrate how atmosp...

In residential heat pump systems, the motivation for secondary loop systems is to allow for the use of flammable or toxic refrigerants with lower global warming potentials than the currently employed HFC refrigerants. The addition of radiant panels as integral building components (embedded in concrete at construction or attached to the underside of wood flooring) is becoming more common. Combin...

The results of an experimental investigation on the human thermal comfort inside the cabin of some Airbus A319 aircrafts during 14 short-haul domestic flights, linking various Italian cities, are presented and used to define a correlation among the predicted mean vote (PMV), a procedure which is commonly used to assess the thermal comfort in inhabited environments, and the equivalent temperatur...

In this paper we proposed the novel air-conditioning system which combined induction ventilation and radiant air-conditioning. The indoor terminal device is the radiant induction-unit (RIDU). The RIDU is the induction unit combined with the pore radiant panel on which the copper pipes with rigid aluminum diffusion fins are installed. The two-stage evaporator chiller with the non-azeotropic mixt...

In this paper, a new technique is being proposed to estimate the PMV by using an array of sensors for the automatic control of thermal sensation scale of the air conditioning system. The predicted mean vote (PMV) is a well recognized thermal comfort index and is used for measuring comfort level inside the conditioned space. It is a mathematical function dependent on air temperature, relative hu...

Skin temperatures and radiant energy were measured on a subject wearing flight clothing, sitting in a tactical aircraft exposed to thermal energy characteristic of thermonuclear weapons. Radiant energy source was 960 lamps at power levels up to 4000 kilowatts. After exposures of increasing severity, subject tolerance was attained in a 3 cal/cm pulse of 3.7 seconds duration. This pulse charred p...

We have examined the stability and sources of variation within the nociceptive model of rat hind paw withdrawal from an under-glass radiant stimulus (Hargreaves et al., 1988) using a system where stimulus intensity and floor temperature can be controlled and reproducibly changed. The current study demonstrates that: (i) increased stimulus intensity with a fixed surface temperature is associated...