In distance-bounding protocols, verifiers use a clock to measure the time elapsed in challenge-response rounds, thus upper-bounding their distance to the prover. This should prevent man-in-the-middle (MITM) relay attacks. Distance-bounding protocols may aim to prevent several attacks, amongst which terrorist fraud, where a dishonest prover helps the adversary to authenticate, but without passin...

This paper presents the first wireless pairing protocol that works in-band, with no pre-shared keys, and protects against MITM attacks. The main innovation is a new key exchange message constructed in a manner that ensures an adversary can neither hide the fact that a message was transmitted, nor alter its payload without being detected. Thus, any attempt by an adversary to interfere with the k...

Trends in the diurnal temperature range (DTR) are examined in the late twentieth and the twenty-first centuries in a coupled climate model representing the atmosphere, ocean, sea ice, and land surface systems. Consistent with past studies, the DTR decreases during this time. These decreases are concentrated in middle latitudes, with much smaller changes occurring in the low latitudes. Strong se...

We present a security analysis of an internet banking system used by one of the bigger banks in the Netherlands, in which customers use a USB-connected device – a smartcard reader with a display and numeric keyboard – to authorise transactions with their bank card and PIN code. Such a set-up could provide a very strong defence against online attackers, notably Man-in-the-Browser attacks, where ...

Different security notions and settings for identification protocols have been proposed so far, considering different powerful adversaries that can play “man-in-the-middle” attacks. In this paper we consider one of the strongest forms of these attacks, namely resettably non-transferable identification introduced in [Bellare et al., Eurocrypt 2001]. This notion immunizes a scheme from powerful a...