Background: We have previously shown that when asthmatics go supine, fluid shifts out of the legs, accumulates in the thorax, and exacerbates lower airway narrowing. In the retrospective analysis of our previous work presented here, we test the hypothesis that the sensitivity of this process relates inversely to baseline caliber of the lower airways. Methods: Eighteen healthy (six women) and si...

To avoid the possible confounding effects of postnatal exposure to tobacco smoke, we investigated possible effects of uterine tobacco smoke (UTS) exposure upon infant lung function shortly after birth. Infants with no major disease, in one maternity ward in Oslo, Norway, participating in a cohort study established in 1992/1993, were included in the present study (n=803). Exposure information, a...

We propose in this paper a novel two-stage Projection Correction Modeling (PCM) framework for image reconstruction from (non-uniform) Fourier measurements. PCM consists of a projection stage (P-stage) motivated by the multi-scale Galerkin method and a correction stage (C-stage) with an edge guided regularity fusing together the advantages of total variation (TV) and total fractional variation (...

The gastrointestinal tract is structurally and functionally different from the vagina. Thus, the paradigm of topical microbicide development and evaluation has evolved to include rectal microbicides (RMs). Our interest was to create unique RM formulations to safely and effectively deliver antiretroviral drugs to mucosal tissue. RMs were designed to include those that spread and coat all surface...

Oral or topical daily administration of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs to HIV-1-negative individuals in vulnerable populations is a promising strategy for HIV-1 prevention. Adherence to the dosing regimen has emerged as a critical factor determining efficacy outcomes of clinical trials. Because adherence to therapy is inversely related to the dosing period, sustained release or long-acting ARV form...

Exploration of Opportunities to Reduce Lead Times for Engineered-To-Order Products by Jan Alarik Elfving Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering-Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California, Berkeley Professor Iris D. Tommelein, Chair Scholars and practitioners have long advocated the benefits of reduced lead times. Moreover, most, if not all members of a supply chain would gain fro...

Abstract Background People with HIV (PWH) and substance use disorders (SUD) are at higher risk of non-adherence. Bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) exhibits high rates efficacy a favorable adverse event profile. The BASE study (NCT03998176) is Phase 4, single-arm evaluating the effectiveness safety B/F/TAF among PWH SUD. Methods Viremic (HIV RNA >1000 copies [c]/mL...

Research demonstrates that crime is spatially concentrated. However, most research relies on information about where crimes occur, without reference to where offenders reside. This study examines how the characteristics of neighborhoods and their proximity to offender home locations affect offender spatial decision making. Using a discrete choice model and data for detected incidents of theft f...

Tarım sektörü, geçmişten günümüze besin ihtiyaçlarının giderilmesi ve gelir kaynağı olması açısından insanlık için önemini hiç kaybetmemiştir. İnsan nüfusunun hızlı bir şekilde büyümesi ile birlikte gıda ihtiyacının artması iklim değişikliği sebebiyle kuraklık sorununun yaşanması gibi faktörler tarım sektöründeki verimliliğin öneminin artmasını sağlamıştır. Tarımsal verimlilik, özellikle gelişm...