Background and purpose: Human muscle strength is affected by life style, physical activities and recreation. Lower limbs antigravity muscles weakness has significant role in falling. Because of great effects of balance and muscle strength in health of the elder population, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of aging on muscle strength and to determine the age range o...

Objective Non-progressive cerebral palsy (CP) is due to abnormal development of brain and or brain damages before, during, or after birth. The reason of cerebral palsy is brain damage or its abnormal development. Most of these problems happen when the child is in mother’s womb, but the chance is high that it happens in the first 2 years of life, when the brain develops. One...

Background and purpose: In recent years, consumption of commercial protein supplements and hormones that improve body appearance endangers the health of athletes especially in bodybuilding sport. Recently, use of plant extracts to reduce the side effects of drugs and improving physical activity has gained a lot of attention. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a supplement (m...

abstract type-ii fuzzy logic has shown its superiority over traditional fuzzy logic when dealing with uncertainty. type-ii fuzzy logic controllers are however newer and more promising approaches that have been recently applied to various fields due to their significant contribution especially when the noise (as an important instance of uncertainty) emerges. during the design of type- i fuz...

Background: Dyspareunia is a pain that is occurs in the genital area before, during or after intercourse and is an important factor for sexual dysfunction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pelvic floor physical therapy on sexual function and muscle strength and endurance of pelvic floor (as a non-invasive therapy) in women with dyspareunia. Methods: In this clinical trial ...

Background and purpose: Ultrasonography is a reliable and valid method to assess the strength of neck extensors and measuring the neck muscles dimensions. Cervical muscles strength and dimensions may change in different positions. The aim of this study was to compare the strength of cervical extensor muscles and dimensions of semi-spinalis capitis muscle (SECM) in three different neck positions...

Objective: The elderly population is growing in Iran and worldwide. The erderly people living under poor nutrition status may be more susceptible to disability and diseases. BMI(weight divided by square of height) is a quick way to estimate the proportion of weight to height.Sarcopenia can lead to reduced muscle mass and consequently in weight loss and may result in reduced BMI. Sarcopenia can ...