The problem of estimating the tempo of audio recordings (the number of beats per minute, or BPM) has received an increasing amount of attention in the past few years. Applications include the synchronization of multiple audio tracks for simultaneous playback, ”tempo-synchronous” audio effects, automatic looping of audio tracks... This article presents techniques for estimating the tempo and the...

This paper presents an original computational approach to extraction of movie tempo for deriving story sections and events that convey high level semantics of stories portrayed in motion pictures, thus enabling better video annotation and interpretation systems. This approach, inspired by the existing cinematic conventions known as film grammar, uses the attributes of motion and shot length to ...

Music tempo (speed) is one of the most important features of a song. With successful classification of the tempo of song, content-based music browsing may utilize this feature and search/recommend songs in the same category of tempo. With some paper survey we noticed that prior works were focused on the numerical tempo value instead of the human perceptual speed of song. We proposed Inter-Onset...

The extraction of local tempo and beat information from audio recordings constitutes a challenging task, particularly for music that reveals significant tempo variations. Furthermore, the existence of various pulse levels such as measure, tactus, and tatum often makes the determination of absolute tempo problematic. In this paper, we present a robust mid-level representation that encodes local ...

The widespread use of beatand tempo-tracking methods in music information retrieval tasks has been marginalized due to undesirable sporadic results from these algorithms. While sensorimotor and listening studies have demonstrated the subjectivity and variability inherent to human performance of this task, MIR applications such as recommendation require more reliable output than available from p...

Timing models are essential to a variety of music related applications. In the field of performance research they facilitate the analysis of music interpretations. For performance synthesis they are essential for creating expressive performances. This paper details our approach to modelling musical tempo. An important issue is the description and implementation of continuous tempo transitions. ...

This paper proposes a tempo feature extraction method. The tempo information is modeled by the narrow-band, low-pass temporal modulation component, which is decomposed into a modulation spectrum via joint frequency analysis. In implementation, the modulation spectrum is directly estimated from the modified discrete cosine transform coefficients, which are output of partial MP3 (MPEG 1 Layer 3) ...

In musical performances with expressive tempo modulation, the tempo variation can be modelled as a sequence of tempo arcs. Previous authors have used this idea to estimate series of piecewise arc segments from data. In this paper we describe a probabilistic model for a time-series process of this nature, and use this to perform inference of singleand multi-level arc processes from data. We desc...

In the absence of a music score, tempo can only be defined in terms of its perception. Thus recent studies have focused on the estimation of perceptual tempo such as defined by listening experiments. So far, algorithms have been proposed to estimate the tempo when people agree on it. In this paper, we study the case when people disagree on the perception of tempo and propose an algorithm to pre...

Older talkers speak slower than young ones, but speech tempo has increased in the last decades. Have present-day older talkers slowed down with age or have they sped up with their community? This study investigates longitudinal patterns in articulation rate in formal speeches presented annually by Queen Beatrix between her ages 42 and 74. Her tempo decreased first and then increased in the last...