In 2010, the World Health Organization established new reference values for human semen characteristics that are markedly lower than those previously reported. Despite using controlled studies involving couples with a known time to pregnancy to establish the new limits, the reference studies are limited with regard to the population analyzed and the methods used for semen evaluation. The presen...

OBJECTIVE Research indicates that parents of twins have poorer psychosocial outcomes than parents of singletons. Parents who have conceived using assisted reproductive technology (ART) have been found to be at higher risk of negative psychosocial outcomes compared to parents who have conceived spontaneously. The current study aimed to model the factors associated with parenting stress of newly-...

Design for recycling has been promoted by companies and governments around the world as one of the most important practices for achieving sustainability. The success or failure of such a practice, however, depends heavily on the financial incentives for firms to design products with more recycled or recyclable material contents. An interesting phenomenon that can be observed in many markets wit...

Iran’s health system is in the serious need of reconstructing its infrastructures, a significant part of which is health technologies. An untapped market of 80 million people will be open to technologies of the world through Iran's entry to post-sanctions era. Health Technology Assessment projects date back to nearly eight years ago in Iran. However, given the current circumstances, its a...

abstract background: for infertile women aged over 35 years, failure of the zp (zona pellucida) to rupture is believed to be associated with a decreased implantation rate in in vitro fertilization (ivf) or intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (icsi). objective: in this research, laser assisted hatching (lah) was offered to patients with advanced maternal age to evaluate a possible benefit. materia...

This work contributes to the field of unlinkability. Unlinkability describes a situation where attackers are unable to correctly cluster items of interest. The focus of this work is on modelling and measuring unlinkability. Additionally a protocol for provision of unlinkable certificates, tailored to the requirements of vehicular communication is introduced. The vehicular scenario is used throu...

The purpose of our study was describing the meaning of pregnancy through Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs). A qualitative design with hermeneutic phenomenology approach was selected to carry out the research. Semistructured in-depth interviews were conducted with 12 women who experienced assisted pregnancy. Three themes emerged from women's experience including finding peace in life, pa...

Using privacy and security technology becomes increasingly important in many application areas for companies as well as for consumers. However, the market for privacy-enhancing technologies (PETs) is still small, especially in the private consumer segment. Due to the nature of the technology per se, little is known and can be learned about the views and motivation of those who carefully protect...

This document reviews surgical options for achieving patency in obstructed fallopian tubes and the factors that must be considered when deciding between surgical repair and IVF. This document replaces the document of the same name, last published in 2012 (Fertil Steril 2012;97:539–45).

Dieser Aufsatz beschreibt einen neuen Zugang zu Privacy Enhancing Technologies, der seine rechtstheoretische Motivation aus einem Verständnis der Privatsphäre als kollektivem Gut gewinnt. In diesem Modell willigen alle Mitglieder einer Gruppe in ein theoretisches Risiko ein, um gegenseitig ihre Anonymität und damit einen wesentlichen Aspekt ihrer Privatsphäre zu sichern. .