this study develops and analyzes preconditioned krylov subspace methods to solve linear systemsarising from discretization of the time-independent space-fractional models. first, we apply shifted grunwald formulas to obtain a stable finite difference approximation to fractional advection-diffusion equations. then, we employee two preconditioned iterative methods, namely, the preconditioned gene...

introduction: antibiotic supplements are regularly used in neuronal culture media to control contamination however, they can interfere with the neuronal excitability and affect electrophysiological properties. therefore, in this study, the effect of penicillin/streptomycin supplements on the spontaneous electrophysiological activity of hippocampal pyramidal neurons was examined. methods: electr...

during the last decade, the expansion of urbanization and industrial activities caused serious environmental problems such as soil pollution. novel technologies are required to remediate soil contamination with toxic contaminants, including heavy metals and organic pollutants. in recent years, there have been increasing attempts to improve soil remediation efficiency. electrokinetic (ek) is an ...

introduction: the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (anfis) is a soft computing model based on neural network precision and fuzzy decision-making advantages, which can highly facilitate diagnostic modeling. in this study we used this model in breast cancer detection. methodology: a set of 1,508 records on cancerous and non-cancerous participant’s risk factors was used.  first, the risk fact...

due to the number of new substances coming into use every year and the increasing amounts of chemicals, which are introduced into the environment, there is a high demand for a rapid, reliable and cost-effective method for detection of developmental toxicity. to meet this challenge various in vitro techniques have been established additional to in vivo animal testing. this review introduces the ...

background: over the past several years, mammals have been successfully cloned by either the splitting of an early stage embryo or nuclear transfer of adult somatic cells (nt) into oocytes. although it has been 15 years since the generation of the first cloned mammals from somatic cells by nt, the success rate for producing live offspring by this technique is low regardless of the cell type and...

conclusions in our study, only hbv genotype d was found among all the positive hbsag and occult hbv infection. moreover, high prevalence (40.7%) of occult hbv infection was determined among patients suffered from cryptogenic cirrhosis. results eleven (40.7%) out of 27 hbv cryptogenic cirrhosis and all 11 hbsag-positive patients were positive for hbv dna. the seroprevalences of hepatitis b virus...

conclusions the tmd, with a cut-off point of 65 mm, had superior diagnostic value compared with the hmdr and mallampati score. therefore, the tmd could be used in malay patients to predict the difficulty of larynx visualization during laryngoscopy. results difficulty in visualizing the larynx was found in 28 (10.1%) patients. the auc, sensitivity, and specificity for the three airway predictors...

objective: the aim of the present study was to evaluate artificial insemination techniques on reproductive performance in ghezel ewes synchronized with cidr during breeding season. methods: all ewes were treated with controlled internal drug release device (cidr) inserted into the vagina of the ewes for 14 days. all ewes were treated a single intramuscular (im) dose of pmsg was injected. in thi...