This paper considers the technical efficiency gains that have been achieved since privatisation of the British passenger railway. This is done through estimation of a stochastic efficiency frontier, with efficiency gains split between those arising through technical change and those arising out of management technical performance i.e. total factor productivity. The results suggest that most of ...

This paper aims to analyse the technical efficiency (TE) of dairy farms and find its determinants. To accomplish this problem, Stochastic Frontier Analysis was applied. The data were obtained from Farm Accountancy Data Network database for (TF15-45—Specialist dairying) 2004–2019. Dairy divided into four clusters according their physical size (number livestock units per farm) economic (standard ...

Abstract The main sources of rice production growth are increases in the yield and area harvested. Yield improvement is carried out through intensification, mainly using more inputs better irrigation, while increasing harvested associated with cropping intensity. Unfortunately, even favorable irrigated areas, outcomes coupled approach not always synergistic. This study aims to assess technical ...

Increased transpiration efficiency (the ratio of biomass to water transpired, TE) could lead to increased drought tolerance under some water deficit scenarios. Intrinsic (i.e., leaf-level) TE is usually considered as the primary source of variation in whole-plant TE, but empirical data usually contradict this assumption. Sunflower has a significant variability in TE, but a better knowledge of t...

We experimentally realize a compact wideband polarization splitter and rotator (PSR) with CMOS compatibility. The fabricated PSR is then tested by utilizing a fabrication-tolerant TE-pass on-chip polarizer we propose to practically solve the issue of accurately aligning the polarizations in fiber and modes on chip. Both of these polarization handling devices take the advantage of bend structure...