OBJECTIVE To describe outcomes of transcatheter embolotherapy (TCE) in children with pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs). STUDY DESIGN Chart and imaging review of all children (age </=18 years) treated for PAVMs by TCE at three hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia centers. RESULTS All 42 treated patients were included, with a mean age of 12 years (range, 4 to 18). Cyanosis was pr...

OBJECTIVES To study the contact allergenic activities of trichloroethylene (TCE) and its three metabolites trichloroacetic acid, trichloroethanol and chloral hydrate. METHODS A modified guinea pig maximization test (GPMT) was adopted. The skin sensitization (edema and erythema) was observed in trichloroethylene, trichloroacetic acid, trichloroethanol, chloral hydrate and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenz...

The strain Burkholderia cepacia G4 aerobically mineralized trichloroethene (TCE) to CO(2) over a time period of approximately 20 h. Three biodegradation experiments were conducted with different bacterial optical densities at 540 nm (OD(540)s) in order to test whether isotope fractionation was consistent. The resulting TCE degradation was 93, 83.8, and 57.2% (i.e., 7.0, 16.2, and 42.8% TCE rema...

In this study, we integrated our understanding of biochemistry, physiology, and metabolism of three commonly used organic solvents with computer simulation to present a new approach that we call "in silico" toxicology. Thus, we developed an interactive physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to predict the individual kinetics of trichloroethylene (TCE), perchloroethylene (PERC), and ...

Microbial migration towards a trichloroethene (TCE) dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) could facilitate the bioaugmentation of TCE DNAPL source zones. This study characterized the motility of the Geobacter dechlorinators in a TCE to cis-dichloroethene dechlorinating KB-1(™) subculture. No chemotaxis towards or away from TCE was found using an agarose in-plug bridge method. A second experime...

Oxidation of dilute TCE vapors in a foam reactor using Fenton’s reagent was investigated. The new process relies on rapid mass transfer from the gas undergoing treatment to a fine aqueous foam and oxidation by Fenton’s reagents. Laboratory investigations demonstrated that TCE elimination capacity was as high as 56–61 g TCE m reactorh 1 with a removal efficiency of 62% and TCE mineralization of ...

Epidemiological studies suggest that exposure to environmental chemicals increases the risk of developing autoimmune liver disease. However, the identity of specific chemical perpetrators and the mechanisms whereby environmental chemicals modify liver disease is unclear. Previous studies link exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE) with the development of autoimmune liver disease and exacerbation o...

The treatment of gaseous trichloroethylene (TCE) by biotic and abiotic removal mechanisms in a sequential (biological/chemical) reactor system was investigated. The reactor system consisted of a granular anaerobic mixed culture packed biofilter followed by an elemental iron metal (Fe(0)) packed column in series. The effect of empty bed contact time (EBCT) and influent TCE concentration on the T...

Degradation of trichloroethylene (TCE) in simulated groundwater by Pd and electro-generated H(2) and O(2) is investigated in the absence and presence of Fe(II). In the absence of Fe(II), hydrodechlorination dominates TCE degradation, with accumulation of H(2)O(2) up to 17 mg/L. Under weak acidity, low concentrations of oxidizing •OH radicals are detected due to decomposition of H(2)O(2), slight...

For more than 10 years, electron donor has been injected into the Snake River aquifer beneath the Test Area North site of the Idaho National Laboratory for the purpose of stimulating microbial reductive dechlorination of trichloroethene (TCE) in groundwater. This has resulted in significant TCE removal from the source area of the contaminant plume and elevated dissolved CH(4) in the groundwater...