ABSTRACT Tb investigate he modifying effects of eugenol (EUG), a component of cigarette smoke, on lung carcinogenesis, male and female transgenic mice carrying the human prototype c-Ha-sus gene (rasH2 mice) were given a single intraperitoneal i jection of 250 mgfkg urethane (UR) or saline, fo11owed by a diet containing 6,OOO ppm EUG or basal diet fbr 26 weeks, Their non-transgenic CB6Fl litterm...

Twenty-five years ago, cigarette smokers in the United Kingdom smoked plain cigarettes with an average tar yield of probably about 35 mg. Now smokers predominantly smoke filter cigarettes and average tar yields have been reduced by half. Epidemiological evidence comparing mortality in smokers of differing types of cigarettes is reviewed. Compared with smokers of higher tar plain cigarettes, smo...

In the present work, the air-steam biomass gasification model with tar has been developed based on the equilibrium constants. The simulation results based on two different models (with and without tar) have been validated by the experimental data. The model with tar can well predict the tar content in gasification; meanwhile, the predicted gas yield (GY), based on the model with tar, is much cl...

Figure 31 TEM micrographs of water borne polymer nanocomposite (WB PNC) emulsions.49 Figure 34 The reaction of an isocyanate with a compound containing hydroxyl functionality results in the formation of a polyurethane.. Introduction Coal tar is derived from crude coke oven tar that is a by-product of the combustion of coal in steel manufacturing. The crude coke oven tar is then refined, through...

Coal tar is an effective treatment for psoriasis and eczema, but it contains several carcinogenic compounds. Occupational and animal studies have shown an increased risk of cancer after exposure to coal tar. Many dermatologists have abandoned this treatment for safety reasons, although the risk of cancer after coal tar in dermatological practice is unclear. This large cohort study included 13,2...

  Introduction: Vaccinology provides promising approaches for the control of various infectious diseases. Among different strategies, DNA vaccines offer attractive research opportunities for development of vaccines for induction of antigen-specific immunity owing to their stability, simplicity of delivery, safety and cost effectiveness. However, there is a need to increase their potency by the ...

the oxidation of complexes of ti(iii), (til6)3+ (l=ur, meur, dmeur, deture, n-bu-ur, and phur), by iodine as i3- in ethanol and acetonitrile solutions, appears to proceed as a second order reaction and is much faster in ethanol solution (where solvolysis occurs) than in acetonitrile. the enthalpy of activation appears to decrease as ligand's size increases which suggest that the kinetic stabili...

Transcriptional activation by the HIV-1 Tat protein requires specific residues in the hexanucleotide loop and trinucleotide bulge of the TAR RNA stem-loop structure found in the 5'-untranslated leader of all viral transcripts. Tat directly contacts residue U 22 in the bulge and is thought to act in concert with cellular factors bound to the loop. We find that HeLa nuclear extracts contain two s...

The trans-activating responsive (TAR) RNA element located in the 5' untranslated region of the HIV-1 genome is a 57-nt imperfect stem-loop essential for the viral replication. TAR regulates transcription by interacting with both viral and cellular proteins. RNA hairpin aptamers specific for TAR were previously identified by in vitro selection [Ducongé,F. and Toulmé,J.J. (1999) In vitro selectio...

a Centre for Bio-Archaeology and Ecology (UMR5059, CNRS/Université Montpellier 2/EPHE), Institut de Botanique, 163 rue Broussonet, F-34090 Montpellier, France b Paleoenvironments and Chronoecology (PALECO), Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE), Institut de Botanique, 163 rue Broussonet, F-34090 Montpellier, France c UR Biens et services des écosystèmes forestiers tropicaux (CIRAD), Montpelli...