Simple motor reaction time (RT) to 100 percent negative contrast stimuli was measured for various background luminances as well as after bleaching a fraction of retinal photopigments. RT decreased to asymptotical value with the increase of background intensity. The intensity-dependent portion of RT behaved identically for 100 percent positive and negative contrast. Moreover, RT to 100 percent n...

This paper uses Markov-switching specifications to create a hybrid model with time-varying loading on each of chartist and fundamentalist approaches. The empirical data include the U.S. dollar exchange rates of four Asian tiger countries’ currencies including NTD, SGD, HKD and KOW from 1980 to 2000. Our empirical findings are consistent with the following notions. First, the forecasting perform...

The United States, uniquely among all countries, elects its head of state using a two-tiered system called the Electoral College. If we view the states that make up the Electoral College as voters and make some simplifying assumptions, it is possible to use the theory of voting and voting power to measure the power of the individual states in a presidential election. Modeling the Electoral Coll...

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