Social Behavior of Captive Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs (Mammalia, Rodentia) with Changing Numbers of Observers. Eltorai A. E. M., Sussman R. W. – Black-tailed prairie dogs Cynomys ludovicianus (Ord, 1815) are diurnal rodents that live in intricate cities. Their social complexity rivals that of some primates, and, in some respects, resembles the behavior of humans. Due to the rich variety of readi...

Background One of the main causes of male infertility is defect in structure and function of sperm cells. Infertile men with oligoasthenoteratospermia (OAT) defect, have sperms with abnormalities in count, motility and morphology. Patients with immotile short tail sperm (ISTS) disorder have immotile short-tailed sperm with disorganized axonem, and a significant decrease in sperm counts. Numerou...

Two species of deer, each with 2 subspecies, are currently found in the Pacific Northwest, USA, of the contiguous lower 48 states (Smith 1991, Demarais et al. 2000, Kie and Czech 2000). In general, mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus hemionus) are found east of the crest of the Cascade Mountains of Washington and Oregon, whereas Columbian black-tailed deer (O. h. columbianus) are found to the west o...

This work deals with the estimation of the extreme value index and extreme quantiles for heavy tailed data, randomly right truncated by another heavy tailed variable. Under mild assumptions and the condition that the truncated variable is less heavy-tailed than the truncating variable, asymptotic normality is proved for both estimators. The proposed estimator of the extreme value index is an ad...

Numerous studies have reported long-tailed distributions for various network metrics, including file sizes, transfer times, and burst lengths. We review techniques for identifying long-tailed distributions based on a sample, propose a new technique, and apply these methods to datasets used in previous reports. We find that the evidence for long tails is inconsistent, and that lognormal and othe...

This paper studies rare events simulation for the heavy{tailed case, where some of the underlying distributions fail to have the exponential moments required for the standard algorithms for the light{tailed case. Several counterexamples are given to indicate that in the heavy{tailed case, there are severe problems with the approach of developing limit results for the conditional distribution gi...

Continuous time random walks impose a random waiting time before each particle jump. Scaling limits of heavy-tailed continuous time random walks are governed by fractional evolution equations. Space-fractional derivatives describe heavy-tailed jumps, and the time-fractional version codes heavy-tailedwaiting times. This paper develops scaling limits and governing equations in the case of correla...

gerbillus nanus is a highly polytypic species exhibiting considerable geographical variation, both in external and cranial characters. in the present study, specimens were collected from different localities in the northeastern, eastern, central and southern iran. the values for external end cranial measurements have been given. the specimens present the existence of two different morphotypes o...