BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Physiologic age-related T2* and T2' values are required as reference for comparison with disease-related deviations. In our study, T2* and T2' values (T2 values as control) were determined with MR imaging in healthy subjects to determine standard values and investigate age-related changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data of 50 patients without intraparenchymal pathology and ...

The principal function of a control chart is to help management distinguish different sources of variation in a process. Control charts are widely used as a graphical tool to monitor a process in order to improve the quality of the product. Chen and Hsieh (2007) have designed a T2 control chart using a Variable Sampling Size and Control limits (V SSC) scheme. They have shown that using the V SSC...

PURPOSE To develop an improved T2 prepared (T2 prep) balanced steady-state free-precession (bSSFP) sequence and signal relaxation curve fitting method for myocardial T2 mapping. METHODS Myocardial T2 mapping is commonly performed by acquisition of multiple T2 prep bSSFP images and estimating the voxel-wise T2 values using a two-parameter fit for relaxation. However, a two-parameter fit model ...

BACKGROUND There is a need for improved worldwide access to tissue iron quantification using T2* cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). One route to facilitate this would be simple in-line T2* analysis widely available on MR scanners. We therefore compared our clinically validated and established T2* method at Royal Brompton Hospital (RBH T2*) against a novel work-in-progress (WIP) sequence w...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was the evaluation of a fast Gradient Spin Echo Technique (GraSE) for cardiac T2-mapping, combining a robust estimation of T2 relaxation times with short acquisition times. The sequence was compared against two previously introduced T2-mapping techniques in a phantom and in vivo. METHODS Phantom experiments were performed at 1.5 T using a commercially availabl...

PURPOSE Image-guided treatment of low-flow vascular (venous or lymphatic) malformations presents a challenging visualization problem, regardless of the imaging modality being used for guidance. The purpose of this study was to employ a new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence, T2 -weighted interrupted balanced steady-state free precession (T2 W-iSSFP), for real-time image guidance of needl...

The sequential deiodination of thyroxine (T4) gives rise to several iodothyronine analogs including 3,3'-diiodothyronine (3,3'-T2) and 3',5'-diiodothyronine (3',5'-T2). In vitro animal studies suggest that the liver and the kidneys are the main sites of both formation and degradation of 3,3'-T2 and 3',5'-T2. To determine the metabolism of 3,3'-T2 and 3',5'-T2 in human liver and kidneys plasma s...