The ability of the NP to discern pediatric heart murmurs is critical for accurate assessment of etiology, appropriate diagnostic testing, and prudent referral when indicated. This review includes an overview of cardiac assessment, distinguishing features of innocent and pathologic murmurs, differential diagnosis of murmurs, and current referral recommendations.

conclusions the vibratory innocent murmur is associated with the presence of left ventricular false tendon and higher left ventricular outflow tract velocity. the presence of the left ventricular false tendon was somewhat associated with decreased early diastolic myocardial velocity. normal left ventricular systolic and diastolic function can be used as a reassurance in cases with the vibratory...

obstructive cardiomyopathy. Br Heart J 32: 691, 1970 15. Barlow JB, Bosman CK, Pocock WA, Marchand P: Late systolic murmurs and nonejection (mid-late) systolic clicks. An analysis of ninety patients. Br Heart J 30: 203, 1968 16. Bon Tenpo CP, Ronan JA, deLeon AC, Twigg HL: Radiographic appearance of the thorax in systolic click-late systolic murmur syndrome. Am J Cardiol 36: 27, 1975 17. Solomo...

THE. patient was a boy of sixteen years. On admission to hospital he gave a history of "heart trouble" since birth. This was chiefly manifested by breathlessness on exertion. He had always been of a blue colour. He had been twice in hospital in the last year with swelling of ankles and face. Four weeks ago he took a sudden severe "crushing feeling" in his chest which was accornpanied by abdomin...

Heart murmurs are common in healthy infants, children, and adolescents. Although most are not pathologic, a murmur may be the sole manifestation of serious heart disease. Historical elements that suggest pathology include family history of sudden cardiac death or congenital heart disease, in utero exposure to certain medications or alcohol, maternal diabetes mellitus, history of rheumatic fever...

Rupture of the infarcted interventricular septum was first described more than a century ago in this country (Latham, 1846). The subject was last reviewed by Fowler and Failey (1948), who discovered 56 recorded cases, of which 16 were diagnosed during life. Since their review, single cases have been described by Sweeny (1948), Bickerman and Irons (1949), Shapir (1949), Ungar and Ullman (1950), ...

A new method and application is proposed to characterize intensity and pitch of human heart sounds and murmurs. Using recorded heart sounds from the library of one of the authors, a visual map of heart sound energy was established. Both normal and abnormal heart sound recordings were studied. Representation is based on Wigner-Ville joint time-frequency transformations. The proposed methodology ...

Heart sounds and murmurs provide crucial diagnosis information for several heart diseases such as natural or prosthetic valve dysfunction and heart failure, which need to isolate the cardiac pathologies whether murmurs or superimposed sounds to the heart sounds in order to better appreciate their durations to can be processed more easily. This paper presents an algorithm for the detection of he...