This paper assesses the planning processes which shape urban change in Beqaa Valley, Lebanon, from perspectives of adults working planning, and young residents. Beginning with outbreak Syrian Civil War 2011, towns Bar Elias, Marj Majdal Anjar have grown rapidly, as tens thousands people been displaced there. Young Syrians Lebanese residents’ experiences point to role that play inequitable chang...

Abstract An unprecedented number of refugees from Syria have sought refuge in both the Middle East and Europe since beginning civil war 2011. We analyse level altruism risk-seeking among Syrian victims Jordan. Our participants are university students who interact with Jordanians other Syrians. find systematic variations revealed levels their willingness to accept risk refugees: feeling as if ha...

Although the Confederate surrenders in April 1865 marked the end of major hostilities of the American Civil War, disputes of interpretation continue to characterise the study of the conduct and outcomes of the War. Whilst this may be simply a feature of all historiography, the extent of these interpretive disputes may well be a direct consequence of the nature of the primary sources that have s...

BACKGROUND Many surveys have underlined the high levels of distress Syrian refugees have endured since the conflict aroused in their country, yet few have used reliable diagnostic tools for the clinical assessment of resulting mental disorders. The aim of our study is to assess for the onset of new depressive disorders following the Syrian war, and to investigate the correlation of religiosity ...

Antiquarian interest apart, the value of the book for students of ancient medicine ultimately depends on the quality of Caius' textual criticism. As far as the modern editor is concerned, this value is not great. Caius' knowledge of Greek was not particularly sensitive (certainly he was not as good as Cornarius). Nutton is realistic about this throughout, yet he shows a considerable amount of c...

While state failure was undoubtedly a factor in, and influence on, the uprising, it has become more clearly apparent in ongoing civil war. The Syrian can now be said to ‘failed’ because cannot meet its citizens’ economic, political social needs requirements. This regression is even striking pre-war Syria regional leader number of development fields whose progress evidenced associated outputs le...

Syrians began to take refuge in Turkey on 29 April 2011 due the civil war started their country and number reached over 3.5 million by year 2019 (Refugees Association, July 29, 2019). This study was conducted examine attitude of regarding Syrian asylum seekers. The sample group consisted 233 people who were residing two cities different conditions 2017. selected among seekers cluster sampling m...

Abstract This article is about the word Shawaya. Before Syrian uprising, many Syrians used term Shawaya in a derogatory manner when referring to class of people perceived as backward, uneducated and vulgar. However, during course uprising subsequent civil war, self-identification Shawi (the singular Shawaya) became more prevalent among belonging this group society. The created space for express...

65 Conventional wisdom suggests ethnic inequality predicts civil war onset. Stewart suggests that when individual selfesteem is bound up with ethnic identity, ethnic inequality produces grievances that lead to mobilization and civil war. However, recent cross-national studies have been inconclusive due to methodological problems (Fearon J & Laitin D, working paper presented at APSA 1999). Altho...