This paper investigates whether there is gender bias in the duration that children are breastfed in Africa. Given evidence that breastfeeding is negatively related to future fertility, we further investigate whether any part of the gender bias is due to son preference in fertility choice. We use identical methodology to Jayachandran and Kuziemko (2010), and compare our results on Africa to thei...

Remote detection of Biological Weapons (BW) proliferation is important, but challenging. We describe and use a joint socio-cultural influence and capability model to identify nation-states likely to have, or to develop BW. We utilize data about international hostilities and alliances, pharmaceutical capabilities, scientific and trade activities, and expert opinion. Our analysis suggests that Ir...

Human population movements in North Africa have been mostly restricted to an east-west direction due to the geographical barriers imposed by the Sahara Desert and the Mediterranean Sea. Although these barriers have not completely impeded human migrations, genetic studies have shown that an east-west genetic gradient exists. However, the lack of genetic information of certain geographical areas ...

one of the important issues in the middle east country is trying to establish or revive nuclear program over the past few years. this subject can have peaceful or military dimension & components of power and security can be affected. the regional country insisted on its being non-nuclear by 2006. but from this time, gradually altered the traditional approach of these countries on the nuclear is...

the hazardous effect of heavy metals on the histopathology of selected organs of the freshwater fish common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) was investigated. gill, liver, kidney and flesh samples were collected after 32 days of exposure to a sublethal concentration of 5 mg/l of combined (cd + pb + cr + ni) metal solution containing 1.25 mg/l of each metal ion (1/10th of lc50 / 48h) was analyzed by us...

OBJECTIVES Inhabitants of developing countries such as those in North Africa have experienced lifestyle changes that have increased the risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of the Epidemiological Trial of Hypertension in North Africa (ETHNA) was to evaluate the prevalence and clinical profile of hypertension in a large sample of individuals in North Africa. METHODS This was an internationa...

Among scholars of literature, there is a discussion about whether modern Arab women write fiction differently from their male counterparts. Some argue that writers have special concerns which result specific experiences in Muslim society and determine not only the thematic spectrum works, but also specific, sometimes vague manner literary expression. This based mostly on works prominent Egypt, ...

In recent years, scholars in the fields of cultural studies, American history, ethnic and Middle East area studies have approached questions race racism this geographic region with renewed critical vigor. Recent work deconstructing anti-Arab Islamophobia Americas Europe has put these patterns discrimination into intersectional conversation anti-Black anti-Indigenous racism. New historical effor...