An airborne instrument that measures altitude temperature profiles is ideally suited for the task of characterizing statistical properties of the vertical displacement of isentrope surfaces. Prior measurements of temperature fluctuations during level flight could not be used to infer isentrope altitude variations because lapse rate information was missing. The Microwave Temperature Profiler ins...

An investigation of sensible and latent heat fluxes and their relation to synoptic weather events was performed using hourly meteorological measurements from National Data Buoy Center buoy 45003, located in northern Lake Huron, during April–November of 1984. Two temporal heat flux regimes were found to exist over Lake Huron. The first period extended from April through July and was characterize...

A strong relationship is observed between synoptic weather systems and atmospheric forcing of the ocean as estimated from buoy measurements made on the North Carolina inner shelf during August and October-November 1994 as part of the Coastal Ocean Processes (COOP) Inner Shelf Study. Synoptic variation (timescales of days to weeks) in the meteorological time series was primarily associated with ...

Although satellite images were extensively used for the manual synoptic work since they became available, and a lot of rules and conceptual models were developed in order to allow a physical correct interpretation of these data, there are also in the time being analyses distributed by Met Centres which are obviously based on a over-simplified use of the imagery. That refers especially to surfac...

Remote sensing offers an efficient and reliable means of collecting the information required, in order to map crop type and acreage. Besides providing a synoptic view, remote sensing can provide structure information about the health of the vegetation. The spectral reflectance of a field will vary with respect to changes in the phenology (growth), stage type, and crop health, and thus can be me...

Observed upper air soundings that occurred within 2 h and 167 km of derechos were collected and analyzed to document atmospheric stability and wind shear conditions associated with long-lived convective windstorms. Sixty-seven derechos, accompanied by 113 proximity soundings, were identified during the years 1983–93. Owing to the large variability of the synoptic-scale environments associated w...

Tropospheric scintillation is caused by variations of refractive index due to turbulence. The only meteorological input parameter for two common current scintillation models by Karasawa et al. and by ITU-R is the monthly average of wet part of refractivity Nwet at ground level, which is not directly associated with turbulence. The diurnal correlation betweenNwet and scintillation variance is ve...

In neural network the connection strength of each neuron is updated through learning. Through repeated simulations of crisp neural network, we propose the idea that for each neuron in the network, we can obtain reduced model with more efficiency using wavelet based multiresolution analysis (MRA) to form wavelet based quasi fuzzy weight sets (WBQFWS). Such type of WBQFWS provides good initial so...

Synoptic weather conditions can modulate short-term variations in the marine biophysical environment. However, impact of large-scale synoptic circulation patterns (LSCPs) on chlorophyll-a (chl-a) and sea surface temperature (SST) South China Sea (SCS) remains unclear. Using a T-mode principal component analysis method, four types LSCP related to Northwest Pacific subtropical high are objectivel...

The impact of teleconnections upon the surface climate has largely been examined via a response in monthly mean temperature or total precipitation. In this paper, a different approach is undertaken, by examining the response of synoptic weather-type frequencies to different teleconnection phases. For over 330 stations in the USA and Canada, the Spatial Synoptic Classification scheme has classif...