Clinical and research workers are occasionally confronted by problems concerning cardiac innervation that may not be answered by the scanty details given in textbooks, and special articles usually deal with only one facet of the subject. A resume of available information may therefore prove helpful. The heart is innervated by both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves, and afferents from the p...

The ultrastructural distribution of the autonomic nerves of brain arteries was investigated in renal (one-kidney, one clip) hypertensive and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats. Sympathetic and nonsympathetic nerve terminals were found only in the adventitial layer of brain arteries of renal hypertensive and normotensive rats. In both normotensive and renal hypertensive rats the total nerve endings ...

Effects of renal denervation on cardiovascular and renal responses to ACE inhibition in conscious lambs. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(2): 414-419, 1997.-Cardiovascular and renal effects of either the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor captopril or vehicle were measured in chronically instrumented lambs in the presence (intact; n = 6) and absence of renal sympathetic nerves (denervated; n = 5) to d...

Autonomic innervation in the cerebral arterial walls of adult male spontaneously hypertensive rats and of normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats was studied. When examined by fluorescence microscopy, dense catecholamine fluorescence was observed in anterior cerebral and middle cerebral arteries of both Wistar-Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats. However, vertebral and basilar arteries and small p...

Perivascular sympathetic nerves are important determinants of vascular function that are likely to contribute to vascular complications associated with hyperglycemia and diabetes. The present study tested the hypothesis that glucose modulates perivascular sympathetic nerves by studying the effects of 7 days of hyperglycemia on norepinephrine (NE) synthesis [tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)], release, ...

OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to determine whether stimulation of sympathetic cardiac nerves induces release of the thrombolytic enzyme tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) in the coronary vascular bed. METHODS AND RESULTS Anesthetized pigs were studied in an open chest model. Bilateral vagotomy was performed, and sympathetic cardiac nerves were activated by electrical stimulation (...

We studied: (1) the effects of an abrupt, moderate increase in arterial pressure on total and regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) and (2) whether sympathetic stimulation attenuates the transient hyperemia that occurs during a sudden increase in pressure within the physiological range of pressure. Abrupt increases in arterial pressure were produced by occlusion of the descending aorta. Cerebral b...