This paper addresses analysis and switching control problems of switched linear systems. To this end, a mixed time-driven and state-dependent switching strategy is proposed. It guarantees an average dwell time evenwhen all subsystems are unstable. The switching rule and its associated switching output feedback controllers are designed to stabilize the switched system and satisfy a weighted L2 g...

In this paper, we develop a nonlinear observer for switching linear systems. The developed state observer offers the properties of being selftuning without any information about the switching instants and the current mode of the switching system to be observed. Numerical example is provided to highlight the usefulness of the developed results.

Optical packet switching has been researched for about two decades, but it has not been deployed in commercial networks yet. Nonetheless, the research on optical packet switching continues as it promises to perform better than electronic hardware. We report on the established results of optical packet switching, and examine the reasons for its current state.

Switching max-plus-linear (SMPL) systems are discrete event systems that can switch between different modes of operation. In each mode the system is described by a max-pluslinear state equation and a max-plus-linear output equation, with different system matrices for each mode. The switching may depend on input and state, or it may be a stochastic process. We derive a stabilizing model predicti...

All-optical, mirrorless switching and bistability is demonstrated with bacteriorhodopsin (bR). A low-power, 532 nm laser beam modulates the transmission of a cw laser beam at 635 nm that corresponds to peak absorption of the Oexcited state in the bR photocycle. The switch has features like a NOT-gate; its switching contrast depends on the pulse width and average power of the modulating laser. T...

This document suggests a synthesis of a hybrid observer for switching systems. Such a hybrid observer is made up of a discrete observer identifying the switching signal and another one producing an estimation of the evolution of the continuous state. The developed estimation technique is the moving-horizon-state estimation (MHSE). In fact, this approach enables us to transpose the problem of ob...

In this paper, we propose a new Tree Switching Protocol (TSP) to reduce multicast routing states required for a forest of multicast trees. The protocol accomplishes this goal by selecting a base multicast tree and " switching '' other multicast trees to the base tree. This results in more overlapping among the multicast trees and a net reduction in multicast state. A further reduction in the st...

Extensive use of quantum chemical calculations has been made to rationally design a molecule whose spin state can be switched reversibly using light of two different wavelengths at room temperature in solution. Spin change is induced by changing the coordination number of a nickel complex. The coordination number in turn is switched using a photochromic ligand that binds in one configuration an...

Novel multi-wavelength switching filters based on cascaded long-period fiber gratings and polarization-maintaining fiber in a Sagnac loop configuration are proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The rapid wavelength switching is achieved by an electro-optic polarization controller. The device is independent of the polarization state of the input light due to the bi-directional polarization c...

Following the lack of microscopic information about the intriguing well-known electrical-thermal switching mechanism in carbon-black-polymer composites, we applied atomic force microscopy in order to reveal the local nature of the process and correlated it with the characteristics of the widely used commercial switches. We conclude that the switching events take place in critical interparticle ...