BACKGROUND/AIMS Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) has been widely used for patients with swallowing dysfunction. However, its beneficial effects in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) are controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of PEG on the prevention of GER in patients with nasogastric tube (NGT) feeding. METHODS Continuous 24-hour pH monitoring wa...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Radiotherapy, alone or combined with chemotherapy, is a treatment modality used frequently in head and neck cancer. In order to report, compare and interpret the sequelae of radiation treatment adequately, it is important to delineate organs at risk (OARs) according to well-defined and uniform guidelines. The aim of this paper was to present our institutional Computed Tom...

The diagnostic value of various signs and symptoms (clinical markers) in predicting oropharyngeal aspiration (OPA) or swallowing dysfunction has not been established in children. The present retrospective study was undertaken to: 1) identify specific clinical markers associated with radiographic evidence of OPA, isolated laryngeal penetration (ILP) and post-swallow residue (PSR); 2) determine t...

Volitional swallowing in humans involves the coordination of both brainstem and cerebral swallowing control regions. Peripheral sensory inputs are necessary for safe and efficient swallowing, and their importance to the patterned components of swallowing has been demonstrated. However, the role of sensory inputs to the cerebral system during volitional swallowing is less clear. We used four con...

OUTLINE Preliminary Considerations: Swallowing Symptoms and Neurologic Defi cits 41 Brief overview of functional neuroanatomy relative to swallowing functions 42 Cortical Functions 42 Cortical functions and swallowing impairment 43 Swallowing Defi cits in Hemispheric Stroke Syndromes 44 Treatment considerations 46 Swallowing Defi cits in Dementia 49 Treatment considerations 51 Swallowing Defi c...

multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease caused by damage to the myelin of the nerve cells in the spinal cord and brain, ms was classified into 4 types including: relasping/remitting (rr) primary/progressive (pp), secondary/progressive (sp), progressive/relapsing (pr). pr ms is one of the severe forms of ms that lead to inflammation associated physical, mental and vision dysfunction. because...

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether patterns of swallowing difficulties were associated with the location of the brain lesion, cognitive function, and severity of stroke in stroke patients. METHOD Seventy-six patients with first-time acute stroke were included in the present investigation. Swallowing-related parameters, which were assessed videofluoroscopically, included impairment of lip closur...

The orofacial area is central for several vital functions such as breathing and eating. The orofacial area also acts as the basis for social interaction, emotional communication, facial expression and speech communication. Normal orofacial sensorimotor development is necessary for these functions to develop and mature in the child, hence orofacial dysfunction may be severely disabling. In the o...

Cricopharyngeal myotomy is the most common treatment used to restore normal swallowing in patients with persistent (>6 months) cricopharyngeal muscle dysfunction post-stroke. We describe 2 patients whose dysphagia was due to cricopharyngeal muscle over-activity and who significantly improved after a percutaneous botulinum toxin injection in the cricopharyngeal muscle in combination with a rehab...

Background: Swallowing dysfunction can complicate acute stroke and directly affect patient's prognosis and recovery through development of chest infection (respiratory morbidity), nutritional problems and dehydration. Objective: To study the relationship of post stroke dysphagia (assessed clinically and by pulse oximetry) with the stroke 'site and size, and with subsequent in hospital respirato...