ITE JOURNAL / JANUARY 2003 INTRODUCTION Approaches to combat urban traffic congestion span from demand management to physical expansion of road capacity. Attempts to shift a part of peak travel from car to high-quality public transit and to times when roads are relatively less crowded sometimes have been successful.1,2 Also, intelligent transportation systems (ITS) have the promise to optimize ...

This paper provides an overview of David Selby's innovative idea of sustainable contraction, developed to counter the longstanding focus on sustainable development.

The plastic softener called DEHP, di-ethylhexyl phthalate, suddenly created life-saving flexibility for patients who could be treated safely in hospitals, at home, at work, at a trauma site, and in an ambulance. Elegant tiny catheters now could be crafted for anatomies of premature infants to provide them the breath, food, and waste removal that enabled them to survive. Trauma patients now coul...

The concept of ‘sustainability’ has become the current answer to absolving the world of its environmental and economic crises in the 21 century. Since its conceptualisation, there has been a barrage of investigations and literature on the vagueness and ambiguity of its definition and applicability. There are two main opposing schools of thought the pessimists, usually ecologists and other scien...

globally, irrigated agriculture is the largest extractor and the most frequent consumer of groundwater resources, with important groundwater-dependent and largely spread agro-economies. quality of irrigation water is one of the key factors which have either direct or indirect impact on plant growth, soil and water management practices and plant yields. this work aims at highlighting the importa...

This paper considers the development of ‘green’ jobs in Scotland where the government has sought to develop renewable and sustainable energy industries and associated employment. It analyses the government employment forecasts/projections and compares them to the actual results, considering the reasons for the lower actual job creation. While there are some specific skills development initiativ...

This paper presents a project that explores how different values and lifestyle choices are related to sustainable practices. The goal has been to develop an understanding of both complexity in people’s everyday practices as well as patterns in this complexity to be used when designing interventions for sustainable lifestyles. In the project, we have used a mixed methods approach in order to dev...

tourism has traditionally been implemented by means of different motivators. tourism began in 1330 and the ecotourism is the main reason for the development of personality and promotion of cultures. circulating in the nature is a course of thinking for scientists in islam. ecotourism is a branch of tourism and it enters the world of its literature in 1970. ecotourism has been doubled in compari...

abstract in recent decades, more consumption of agricultural inputs led to growth in agricultural products in the world. however, problems occurred due to the lack of attention to environmental issues and risks of excessive consumption of chemicals on human health become a concern for people and policy makers. to solve the problem, sustainable agriculture has been considering by authorities. th...