A survey of Hα emission in 320 spiral galaxies in 8 nearby clusters shows an enhancement of circumnuclear starburst emission with increasingly rich clusters. These observations provide convincing evidence that spirals have been transformed into S0s in clusters predominantly by tidal forces, a picture fully in accord with the most recent numerical simulations of clusters. For the richest cluster...

We show that coating ZnO nanowires (NWs) with a transition metal, such as Ni, can increase the efficiency of light emission at room temperature. Based on detailed structural and optical studies, this enhancement is attributed to energy transfer between near-band-edge emission in ZnO and surface plasmons in the Ni film which leads to an increased rate of the spontaneous emission. It is also show...

Patterned metal films have been shown to possess unique optical properties resulting from the excitation of surface plasmon polaritons at the patterned metal surface. Here we demonstrate spectrally selective thermal emission from patterned steel substrates. The materials and processes used in this work were chosen for their potential scalability to large-area and low cost production of metal fi...

Visible light excitable and color tunable ∼5% Eu(3+)-doped LaF3 nanocrystals (NCs), containing 9-oxidophenalenone ligands bound to the surface as visible light sensitizers for Eu(3+) dopants, have been synthesized by a facile solution-based method. The crystalline phase structure, size, composition, morphology and luminescence properties of the NCs are characterized using X-ray diffraction, hig...

We report the detection of [Ne ii] emission at 12.81 m in four out of the six optically thick dust disks observed as part of the FEPS Spitzer Legacy program. In addition, we detect a H i (7Y6) emission line at 12.37 m from the source RX J1852.3 3700. Detections of [Ne ii] lines are favored by low mid-infrared excess emission. Both stellar X-rays and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) photons can suffici...

We report the detection of [Ne ii] emission at 12.81μm in four out of the six optically thick dust disks observed as part of the FEPS Spitzer Legacy program. In addition, we detect a H i(7-6) emission line at 12.37μm from the source RX J1852.3-3700. Detections of [Ne ii] lines are favored by low mid–infrared excess emission. Both stellar X–rays and extreme UV (EUV) photons can sufficiently ioni...

We apply a new formalism to calculating emission of light from sheared dielectric surfaces. When the surfaces are smooth, the emission of light requires extreme velocities, but introducing surface roughness with short-period components reduces the extreme demands on velocity so that, for atomic-scale roughness, shear velocities as small as 104ms-' will result in light emission. Some order-of-ma...

Crude oil fouling of the equipment surfaces is a troublesome issue which leads to operating difficulties, economic penalties, increased environmental impacts, and health and safety hazards in petroleum industry. With a rough estimation, a minimum cost of equal to 4 million barrels of oil/year is required to be invested to offset the costs of crude oil fouling in Pre-heat Trains of Iranian oil r...

Cathodoluminescence (CL) spectroscopy is performed on conducting 1and 2-dimensional gratings of metals, semimetals and semi-conductors of varying periods from 0.5 to 20 microns for a range of grating amplitudes from 0.1 to 4.6 microns. The overall emission spectrum consists of a 400 nm wide band centered at ~600 nm which depends little on the grating period, grating amplitude, material, e-beam ...

A 14-month study was undertaken to assess the long-term efficiencies of four dust suppressants (i.e., biocatalyst stabilizer, polymer emulsion, petroleum emulsion with polymer, and nonhazardous crude-oil-containing materials) to reduce the emission of PM10 from public unpaved roads. PM10 emission rates were calculated for each test section and for an untreated section for comparison purposes. E...